959655
Moral Philosophy
- meta-ethics
- cognitivism
- ethical naturalism
- problems
- Hume's
'is-ought gap'
- Moore's
'naturalistic
fallacy'
- Hume's
'is-ought gap'
- Ethical statements are
verifiable factual
statements
- X is good means
- Either I approve of X
- Or X is good because X is...
- Either I approve of X
- X is good means
- problems
- ethical non-naturalism
- problems
- what about moral disagreement?
- what about moral disagreement?
- good is an
indefinable quality
that we can intuit
but it cannot be
directly observed
- good is good, and that is
the end of the matter
- problems
- ethical naturalism
- non-cognitivism
- ethical statements are meaningless
because they cannot be verefied
- the function of ethical
language is purely emotive
- problems
- Is something morally wrong if no
one witnesses it?
- saved by
- prescriptivism
- recognises the
necessity of
cognitive elements
to moral judgements
- recognises the
necessity of
cognitive elements
to moral judgements
- prescriptivism
- Is something morally wrong if no
one witnesses it?
- ethical statements are meaningless
because they cannot be verefied
- cognitivism
- normative ethics
- utilitarianism
- an action ought to be done if it produces
the maximum happiness for all involved
- based on the consequences
- problems
- consequences are unpredictable
- special responsibilities
- justice
- solved by rule utilitarianism
- solved by rule utilitarianism
- consequences are unpredictable
- an action ought to be done if it produces
the maximum happiness for all involved
- deontology
- based on the act itself
- an action ought to be
done according to our
duty/the good will
- an action must be
universalisable and
appeal to reason
- treat people as an end in themselves and not a
means to an end
- problems
- conflicts of duties
- solved by W.D. Ross's prima facie duties
- solved by W.D. Ross's prima facie duties
- the categorical imperative
excuses morally bad or just un
moral acts
- conflicts of duties
- based on the act itself
- virtue ethics
- based on the agent
- ethical behaviour is about cultivation of character
- moral people are not concerned with
consequences or their duties but what sort of
person they are becoming
- makes moral action easier because it is not a calculation
- doctrine of the mean
- problems
- problems with Aristotelean ideas of function
- different types of
life are considered
virtuous
- therefore act as a moral person is an
unhelpful moral maxim
- therefore act as a moral person is an
unhelpful moral maxim
- problems with Aristotelean ideas of function
- based on the agent
- utilitarianism
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