976424
Description
Mind Map by arnya_lewis, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by arnya_lewis
almost 11 years ago
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Biology: Common Systems
- Fossils provide evidence for Darwin's Natural Selection theory. Most fossils are found
in sedimentary rocks (limestone) or are impressions.
- Functional foods have health benefits over their basic nutritional value;
prebiotics, probiotics and plant stanol esters
- Prebiotics are substances the body can't digest, they act as food and encourage beneficial bacteria to grow
Probiotics contain live bacteria which produces lactic acid in the gut; products containing these claim to make your
digestive system healthier. There is no evidence
- Plant stanol esters are oily substances found in plants; they stop the small intestine absorbing cholesterol, lowering cholesterol levels.
It is used in drinks and yogurts, there is a positive effect
- Prebiotics are substances the body can't digest, they act as food and encourage beneficial bacteria to grow
Probiotics contain live bacteria which produces lactic acid in the gut; products containing these claim to make your
digestive system healthier. There is no evidence
- Blood contains: Red blood cells for oxygen; White blood cells for defence against pathogens;
plasma which transport substances in solutions; Platelets for clotting
- Red blood cells contain haemeglobin. Haemoglobin+Oxygen =Oxyhaemoglobin
this reverses when oxygen levels are low
- white blood cells make antibodies- proteins which bid to pathogens and destroy them.
Other types of white blood cells surround and engulf pathogens
- Platelets make a cross-hatch pattern with protein fibres over an open wound
- Red blood cells contain haemeglobin. Haemoglobin+Oxygen =Oxyhaemoglobin
this reverses when oxygen levels are low
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart; it has thick walls so they can withstand pressure
Veins carry blood to the heart; walls are wide so they can carry a lot of blood at a low pressure
Capilaries allow substances to diffuse into the blood; they have very thin walls
- Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules, into smaller soluble molecules
- Enzymes are responsible for digestion.
Amylase breaks down starch into maltose
Proteases breaks down proteins into Amino
Acids Lipases breaks down Fats into Fatty
Acids and Glycerol
- Bile emulisifies large fat globules into smaller ones
- Enzymes are responsible for digestion.
Amylase breaks down starch into maltose
Proteases breaks down proteins into Amino
Acids Lipases breaks down Fats into Fatty
Acids and Glycerol
- percentile charts help us monitor growth in children
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