exam 3 study guide

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Chapter 29

Chain of infection

1. infectious agent

2. reservoir or source for the pathogen to grow

3. portal of exit

4. mode of transmission

5. portal of entry

6. susceptible host

Inflammatory response

- vasodialation

- fluid accumulation

- exudate

- granulation

Course of infection

- incubations period

- prodromal stage

- illness stage

- convalescense

Cleaning tools

- rinse with cold water

- wash with soap

- rinse with warm water

- dry

Chapter 48

Wound healing

- synthesis of collagen from fibroblasts

- collagen mixes with granulation tissue

- contractions of the wound

- migration of epithelial cells from wound edges

Ice packs

1. fill bag with water, check for leaks

2. fill 2/3rd with crushed ice

3. squeeze bags sides to release air

4. cover with flannel or pillow case

Vitamins:

- Vitamin A: promote epithelium, wound closure, inflammatory response, angiogenesis and collagen formation

- Vitamin C: antioxidant

- Protein: increase fibroplasia

- Zinc: Collagen formation

Dressings

- Hydrogel: provide moisture, which is best for dry wounds, helps with autolytic debridement, stage 2-3 ulcers

- Hydrocolloid: best for clean granulating wounds, stage 4 ulcers

- Calcium Aliginate: require secondary dressings, algae, absorbant

- debriding enzyme: only for necrotic areas

- transparent film: stage 1 pressure ulcer

Wound Cleansing

- colonized: cytotoxic fluid (hypochlorite)

- necrotizing: pulsatile high pressure lavage

- draining: normal saline

- Granulating: normal saline

Chapter 42

Electrolytes

- magnesium: neuromuscular junctions

- potassium: muscle functions

- calcium: muscle contraction

- phosphate: produce adenosine triphosphate

Chapter 36

- Connectedness: feelings about relationships with self, others and god

- hope: Belief of something positive is going to happen

- Self-transcendence: connecting to ones inner self

- transcendence: Feeling and experience beyond the material world

- Faith: confidence about something without firm physical evidence

Chapter 38

- adventitious crisis: resulting from natural disasters

- General adaptation syndrome: initiated by pituitary gland, chronic stress comes with alarm, resistance and exhaustion

- Situational stress: transferreing jobs, health change

- Developmental stress: marriage, birth, retirement