OPERATING SYSTEMS FOR PROGRAMMERS (1 - 30)

Question 1

What is the role of the OS?

Accepted Answer

To manage a computer's hardware

Answer

To build the bootstrap program

Answer

To write to memory

Answer

To develop the kernel

Question 2

Which OS service provides functions that are helpful to the user?

Accepted Answer

Program execution

Answer

Resource allocation

Answer

System calls

Answer

Accounting

Question 3

Which system call is used for device manipulation?

Accepted Answer

ReadConsole()

Answer

Sleep()

Answer

umask()

Answer

CreateFileMapping()

Answer

chmod()

Question 4

Which system calls can be grouped under the category of process controls?

Accepted Answer

Allocate, free memory

Answer

Get process, file or device attributes

Answer

Get file attributes, set file attributes

Answer

Open, close

Question 5

Which service function is responsible for identifying and correcting exceptions such as the lack of paper in a printer?

Accepted Answer

Error detection

Answer

Protection and security

Answer

User interface

Answer

Communication

Answer

Resource allocation

Question 6

Which type of OS service uses the CLI?

Accepted Answer

User interface

Answer

Program execution

Answer

I/O operations

Answer

Error detection

Question 7

What represents layer zero (0) in the layered approach?

Accepted Answer

Hardware

Answer

Data

Answer

Applications

Answer

User interface

Question 8

What is a disadvantage of booting an OS stored in ROM?

Accepted Answer

Changing a bootstrap requires new hardware chips.

Answer

Changing a bootstrap requires additional memory.

Answer

Changing a bootstrap requires replacing the battery.

Answer

Changing a bootstrap requires process re-engineering.

Question 9

What is a valid process state?

Accepted Answer

Waiting

Answer

Listening

Answer

Reading

Answer

Queuing

Question 10

What are two valid components of a process control block (PCB)?

Choose 2 answers.

Accepted Answer

The process counter

Accepted Answer

The process state

Answer

The memory buffer

Answer

The job queue

Answer

The text section

Question 11

What is the difference between kernel and user threads?

Accepted Answer

Kernel threads are directly managed by the operating system, whereas user threads are managed without kernel support.

Answer

Kernel threads are supported by the user permissions, whereas user threads are directly managed by the operating system.

Answer

Kernel threads are indirectly managed by the file system, whereas user threads are directly managed by the operating system.

Answer

Kernel threads are compiled with operating system support, whereas user threads are compiled with multicore programming.

Question 12

Which advantage does short-term scheduling have compared with long-term scheduling?

Accepted Answer

It takes less time to select a process to execute next.

Answer

It implements paging memory to reduce the segmentation fault.

Answer

It has direct access to the hard disk to load a new process.

Answer

It excludes the process with I/O and schedules the background process.

Question 13

What is considered stable when the average rate of process creation is equal to the average departure rate of processes leaving the system?

Accepted Answer

The degree of multiprogramming

Answer

Memory swapping process

Answer

Short-term scheduling

Answer

The process control block

Question 14

Which action allows an application that is in the background to be passed to the foreground and vice versa?

Accepted Answer

Context switching

Answer

Degree of multiprogramming

Answer

Memory reload

Answer

Process protection

Question 15

What is the process of context switching?

Accepted Answer

Performing a state save and a state restore

Answer

Performing a state restore based on scheduling tasks

Answer

Performing a state restore of the current stage of the CPU

Answer

Performing a state save to restore operations

Question 16

Which features are included in the DTrace tool?

Accepted Answer

Compiler, providers of probes, and consumers

Answer

Process match, analyzer, and loader

Answer

Resource-using processes, network statistics, and editor

Answer

Memory activation, I/O monitor, and execution

Question 17

What is the difference between cooperative and preemptive scheduling?

Accepted Answer

Cooperative scheduling occurs when a process terminates, whereas preemptive scheduling occurs when a process initiates.

Answer

Cooperative scheduling occurs in a ready state, whereas preemptive scheduling occurs in the running state.

Answer

Cooperative scheduling occurs in a running state, whereas preemptive scheduling occurs in the ready state.

Answer

Cooperative scheduling occurs when a schedule allocates CPU resources, whereas preemptive scheduling occurs when a schedule de-allocates CPU resources.

Question 18

Which scheduling criteria measures the number of processes completed per time unit?

Accepted Answer

Throughput

Answer

CPU utilization

Answer

Response time

Answer

Turnaround time

Question 19

Which criterion attempts to keep the processor as busy as possible?

Accepted Answer

CPU utilization

Answer

Turnaround time

Answer

Throughput

Answer

Response time

Question 20

When does starvation occur in the priority scheduling algorithm?

Accepted Answer

When a process is waiting indefinitely

Answer

When a process is ending

Answer

When a process is in memory

Answer

When a process is unloading from memory

Question 21

Which scheduling algorithm was designed especially for time sharing systems?

Accepted Answer

Round-robin

Answer

Priority

Answer

First-come, first-served (FCFS)

Answer

Shortest-job-first (SJF)

Question 22

What is a difference between soft and hard processor affinity?

Accepted Answer

Hard affinity specifies a subset of processors on which a process may run, whereas soft affinity leaves the processor selection to the OS.

Answer

Hard affinity supports dynamic switching to soft affinity with the sched_setaffinity() system call.

Answer

Hard affinity is implemented on multiprocessor systems, whereas soft affinity is implemented on single processor systems.

Answer

Hard affinity keeps a process running on the same processor, whereas soft affinity system calls support hard affinity.

Question 23

What is an address that is generated by the CPU?

Accepted Answer

A logical address

Answer

A memory address register

Answer

A base address

Answer

A physical address

Question 24

Which general-purpose storage is accessed directly by the CPU?

Accepted Answer

The main memory

Answer

The dynamic library

Answer

The front side bus

Answer

The base register

Question 25

What is a limitation of swapping on mobile systems?

Accepted Answer

Applications that fail to free up sufficient memory are terminated.

Answer

When more memory is required, the SD card is used as memory.

Answer

User applications reside in protected memory and are difficult to access.

Answer

Background applications must reside in the main memory.

Question 26

What is the name of the memory allocation scheme where the operating system keeps a table of available holes?

Accepted Answer

Variable partition

Answer

Multiple partitions

Answer

Fixed partition

Answer

Dynamic partition

Question 27

What is described as memory allocated from a fixed-size segment consisting of physically contiguous pages?

Accepted Answer

Buddy system

Answer

Page allocation

Answer

Mark/sweep

Answer

Swap space

Question 28

Which memory management solution relocates all available memory into one variable-sized block?

Accepted Answer

Compaction

Answer

Paging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Best fit

Question 29

What does the 50-percent rule of memory fragmentation state when allocating additional memory using the first-fit method?

Accepted Answer

One-third of all memory may be unused.

Answer

Internal and external fragmentation is a 1 to 2 ratio.

Answer

50% of the memory will be fragmented.

Answer

Half of the blocks of memory are unused.

Question 30

Which component is associated with the paging scheme?

Accepted Answer

Frames

Answer

Segments

Answer

Blocks

Answer

Fragments

OPERATING SYSTEMS FOR PROGRAMMERS (1 - 30)

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