Quiz
A&P Chapter 5
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Perguntas do quiz (60)
1The dermis is rich in blood vessels and nerve fibers.
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2Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been previously stretched and/or torn?
- AThere is an episode of acute pain due to the large number of tactile corpuscles.
- BThe appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis.
- CThe stretching causes the tension lines to disappear
- DThe blood vessels in the dermis rupture and the blood passes through the tissue, causing permanent "black-and-blue marks."
3The papillary layer of the dermis is connective tissue heavily invested with blood vessels. The superficial surface has structures called:
- Areticular papillae
- Bdermal papillae
- Cceruminous glands
- Dhair follicles
4The design of a person's epidermal ridges is determined by the manner in which the papillae rest upon the dermal ridges to produce the specific pattern known as handprints, footprints, and fingerprints. Which of the following statements is true regarding these prints or ridges?
- AEvery human being has the same pattern of ridges
- BThey are genetically determines, therefore unique to each person
- CIdentical twins do not have the same pattern of ridges
- DBecause we are constantly shedding epithelial cells, thse ridges are changing daily
5Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?
- AThe skin is protected by increasing the number of epidermal dendritic cells, which help to activate the immune system.
- BThe skin is protected by the synthesis of three pigments that contribute to the skin's color.
- CCarotene, which accumulates in the stratum corneum and hypodermal adipose tissue, is synthesized in large amounts in the presence of sunlight.
- DProlonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen
6In addition to protection (physical and chemical barrier), the skin serves other functions. Which of the following is another vital function of the skin?
- AIt converts modified epidermal cholesterol to a vitamin D precursor important to calcium metabolism.
- BIt absorbs vitamin C so that the skin will not be subject to diseases
- CIt aids in the transport of materials throughout the body
- DThe cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy
7Although the integument is a covering, it is by no means simple, and some of its functions include ______.
- Aepidermal blood vessels serving as a blood reservoir
- Bresident macrophage-like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and present them to the immune system
- Cthe dermis providing the major mechanical barrier to chemicals, water and other external substances
- Dcooling the body by increasing the action of sebaceous glands during high-temperature conditions
8The hyponychium is commonly called the cuticle.
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9_____ is an inherited condition that affects the heme pathway; it leaves the skin scarred and gums degenerated, and may have led to the folklore about vampires.
- ARosacea
- BPorphyria
- CImpetigo
- DDecubitus ulcer
10The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except ______.
- Aexternal root sheath
- Bcuticle
- Cmedulla
- Dcortex
11What is the most important role of the arrector pili muscles in humans?
- Adefense
- Bcause the hair follicle to stand erect
- Chelp retain heat
- DForce sebum out of the hair follicle to the skin surface
12The reason that the nail bed appears pink is the presence of a large number of melanocytes in the underlying dermis
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13The function of the root hair plexus is to ________.
- Acause apocrine gland secretion into the hair follicle
- Bbind the hair root to the dermis
- Cserve as a source for new epidermal cells for hair growth after the resting stage has passed
- Dallow the hair to assist in touch sensation
14Joe just burned himself on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful. Joe's burn would be best described as a third-degree burn.
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15When a patient is said to have "third-degree burns", this indicated that the patient has burns that cover approximately one-third or more of the body.
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16Changes in the color of skin are often an indication of a homeostatic imbalance. Which of the following changes would suggest that a patient is suffering from Addison's disease?
- AThe skin takes on a bronze or metallic appearance.
- BThe skin appears to have an abnormal, yellowish tint
- CBlack-and-blue marks become evident for no apparent cause
- DIt is impossible to suggest Addison's disease from an inspection of a person's skin
17The pinkish hue of individuals with hair skin is the result of the crimson color of oxygenated hemoglobin (contained in red blood cells) circulating in the dermal capillaries and reflecting through the epidermis.
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18The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well-being, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?
- Astratum basale
- Bstratum lucidum
- Cstratum granulosum
- Dstratum corneum
19When an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the dermal blood vessels will dilate so that the blood and heat will be dissipated.
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20Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the reception of touch or light pressure?
- Afree nerve endings
- BMeissner's corpuscles
- CKrause's end bulbs
- DPacinian corpuscles
21Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?
- ABasal cell carcinoma
- BAdenoma
- CSquamous cell carcinoma
- DMelanoma
22Which glands produce ear wax?
- ACeruminous glands
- BApocrine glands
- CMerocrine glands
- DEccrine glands
23The outermost sheath of a hair follicle is the connective tissue root sheath.
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24The single most important risk for skin cancer is _______.
- Aoverexposure to UV radiation
- Buse of farm chemicals
- Cgenetics
- Drace
25The dense fibrous connective tissue portion of the skin is located in the reticular region of the dermis
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26Vernix caseosa is a ________.
- Asubstance contributing to acne during adolescence
- Bwhitish material produced by fetal sebaceous glands
- Ccheesy-looking sudoriferous secretion on the skin of newborns
- Dcoat of fine, downy hair on the heads of balding men
27Sweat glands continuously produce small amounts of sweat, even in cooler temperatures.
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28The protein found in large amounts in the outermost layer of the epidermal cells is collagen
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29The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?
- Amacrophages called dendritic cells (Langerhans Cell)
- Bcells found in the stratum spinosum
- Ctactile cells
- Dkeratinocytes, because they are so versatile
30Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?
- Aby using the "rule of nines"
- Bby observing the tissues that are usually moist
- Cthrough blood analysis
- Dby measuring urinary output and fluid intake
31Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.
- Amelanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.
- BBasal cell carcinomas are the least common but most malignant
- CSquamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum
- DMost tumors that arise on the skin are malignant
32The stratum corneum (outermost layer of skin) is a zone of approximately four layers of viable cells that are able to synthesize proteins that keep the outer layer of skin smooth and soft.
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33The composition of the secretions of eccrine glands is ______.
- Ametabolic wastes
- B99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C
- Cfatty substances, proteins, antibodies and trace amounts of minerals and vitamins
- Dprimarily uric acid
34Which of the following is a skin sensory receptor for touch?
- APacinian corpuscle
- Bfree nerve ending
- CRuffini body
- Dtactile corpuscle
35The sebaceous glands are simple alveolar glands that secrete a substance known as sebum. The secretion of sebum is stimulated ________.
- Aby high temperatures
- Bwhen the air temperature drops
- Cas a protective coating when one is swimming
- Dby hormones, especially androgens
36The skin is not able to receive stimuli because the cells of the epidermis are not living and therefore there are no sensory receptors in the skin.
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37Which statement correctly explains why hair appears the way it does?
- AAir bubbles in the hair shaft cause straight hair.
- BPerfectly round hair shafts results in wavy hair
- CGray hair is the result of hormonal action altering the chemical composition of melanin
- DKinky hair has flat, ribbonlike hair shafts.
38Hair growth and density are influenced by hormones, nutrition, and, in some cases, lifestyle
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39What are the most important factors influencing hair growth?
- Anutrition and hormones
- Bthe size and number of hair follicles
- Csex and hormones
- Dage and glandular products
40What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?
- Aunbearable pain
- Bloss of immune function
- Cinfection
- Dcatastrophic fluid loss
41Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types, Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?
- Amammary and ceruminous
- Bholocrine and mammary
- Ceccrine and apocrine
- Dsebaceous and merocrine
42A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?
- Agranulosum, basale, spinosum, corneum
- Bbasale, spinosum, granulosum, corneum
- Cbasale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
- Dcorneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
43A dendritic or Langerhan cell is a specialized _________.
- Anerve cell
- Bsquamous epithelial cell
- Cmelanocyte
- Dphagocytic cell
44Regardless of race, all human beings have about the same number of melanocytes.
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45The dermis is a strong, flexible connective tissue layer. Which of the following ell types are likely to be found in the dermis?
- Afibroblasts, macrophages and mast cells
- Bmonocytes, reticulocytes and osteocytes
- Costeoblasts, osteoclasts and epithelial cells
- Dgoblet cells, parietal cells and chondrocytes
46Acne is a disorder associated with _________.
- Asweat glands
- BMeibomian glands
- Cceruminous glands
- DSebaceous glands
47The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ___________.
- Athe cells that make up the hypodermis secrete a protective mucus
- Bthe major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber
- Cit is located just below the epidermis and protects the dermis from shock
- Dit has no delicate nerve endings and can therefore absorb more shock
48Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes _________.
- Aaccumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer
- Bprovide the melanocyte with nutrients necessary for melanin synthesis
- Cmaintain the appropriate pH in order for the melanocyte to synthesize melanin granules
- Dmaintain the appropriate temperature so the product of the melanocyte will not denature
49The apocrine sweat glands are fairly unimportant in thermoregulation.
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50Ceruminous glands are modified merocrine glands.
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51Eyebrow hairs are always shorter than hairs on your head because ________.
- Ahormones in the eyebrow follicle switch the growth off after it has reached a predetermined length
- Bthe vascular supply of the eyebrow follicle is one-tenth that of the head hair follicle
- Ceyebrow follicles are only active for a few months
- Dthey grow much slower
52Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence, seem to pay little role in thermoregulation. Where would we find these glands in the human body?
- Ain the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
- Bin all body regions and buried deep in the dermis
- Cin the axillary and anogenital area
- Dbeneath the flexure lines in the body
53A physician if often able to detect homeostatic imbalances in the body by observing changes in the skin color.
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54Skin surface markings that reflect points of tight dermal attachment to underlying tissues are called epidermal ridges.
- AVerdadeiro
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55The most dangerous skin cancer is cancer of the melanocytes.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
56During the regressive phase of hair growth, the matric is inactive and the follicle atrophies.
- AVerdadeiro
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57The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?
- Athe reticular layer
- Bthe papillary layer
- Cthe hypodermal layer
- Dthe subcutaneous layer
58Which of the following cells and their functions are correctly matched?
- AKeratinocytes - provide sense of touch and pressure
- BTactile cells - protection
- CDendritic cells - activate the immune system
- DMelanocytes - protects cells in the stratum corneum from damaging effects of sun's rays
59Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?
- AFat associated with skin prevents water loss
- BThe size and shape of the cells that make up the stratum spinosum, as well as the thick bundles of intermediate filaments.
- CLamellar granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces
- DThe dermis is the thickest portion of the skin and water cannot pass through it.
60A splinter penetrated into the skin of the sole of the foot, almost to the papillary region of the dermis. Which layer of the epidermis would be the final layer injured?
- Abasale
- Bspinosum
- Clucidum
- Dgranulosum
Informações
- Descrição
- Quiz sobre A&P Chapter 5, criado por Jacqueline Hurt em 16-09-2024.
- Autor
- Jacqueline Hurt
- Idioma
- English
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- 9
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