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Quiz

Phonetics and Phonology - Syllables, Word Stress, Intonation

Fiona D 11 perguntas

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  1. 1Syllables are the [blank_start]intermediate unit[blank_end] between the [blank_start]phonemes[blank_end] of a word and the word as a [blank_start]whole[blank_end]. A syllable consists of the [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] - which is the [blank_start]centre[blank_end] of a syllable and often a vowel, but it can also be a syllabic [blank_start]nasal[blank_end] or [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] - the [blank_start]coda[blank_end] - which are [blank_start]consonants[blank_end] following the nucleus - and the [blank_start]onset[blank_end] - which are the [blank_start]consonants[blank_end] before the nucleus. The coda can consist of [blank_start]4[blank_end] consonants, the onset can consist of 3 [blank_start]consonants[blank_end]. Nucleus and coda build the [blank_start]rhyme[blank_end].
    1. Aphonemes
    2. Bintermediate unit
    3. Cwhole
    4. Dnucleus
    5. Ecentre
    6. Fnasal
    7. Glateral
    8. Hcoda
    9. Iconsonants
    10. Jonset
    11. Kconsonants
    12. L4
    13. Mconsonants
    14. Nrhyme
  2. 2A sonority is the '[blank_start]carrying[blank_end] power' of a [blank_start]sound[blank_end]. A sound with a [blank_start]high[blank_end] sonority forms the centre of a syllable. The [blank_start]scale[blank_end] that compares the different speech sounds in their [blank_start]degree[blank_end] of sonority is called Sonority Sequencing Generalisation.
    1. Acarrying
    2. Bsound
    3. Chigh
    4. Dscale
    5. Edegree
  3. 3SONORITY SEQUENCING GENERALISATION
    [blank_start]Low[blank_end] vowels \ /
    [blank_start]High[blank_end] vowels \ /
    Lateral \ /
    [blank_start]Nasal[blank_end] \ /
    Approximants \ /
    [blank_start]Fricatives[blank_end] \ /
    Affricatives \ /
    [blank_start]Plosives[blank_end] \/
    1. ALow
    2. BHigh
    3. CNasal
    4. DFricatives
    5. EPlosives
  4. 4A word has as many [blank_start]syllables[blank_end] as it has nuclei or [blank_start]peaks[blank_end] of sonority.
    The [blank_start]maximum onset principle[blank_end] says that sounds should always be attributed to an onset rather than to a coda.
    1. Asyllables
    2. Bpeaks
    3. Cmaximum onset principle
  5. 5In any word that has [blank_start]two[blank_end] or more syllables word stress means one [blank_start]syllable[blank_end] stands out from the others. It is stressed when it's either [blank_start]louder[blank_end] or higher in [blank_start]pitch[blank_end] than the surrounding syllables, even vowel [blank_start]quality[blank_end] and [blank_start]length[blank_end] may play a role. In English, word stress is both variable and [blank_start]fixed[blank_end]. [blank_start]Variable[blank_end] meaning that not always the same syllable is stressed, although the [blank_start]position[blank_end] of the stressed syllable for individual English words is fixed.
    1. Atwo
    2. Bsyllable
    3. Clouder
    4. Dpitch
    5. Equality
    6. Flength
    7. Gfixed
    8. HVariable
    9. Iposition
  6. 6Derivation is the process of [blank_start]creating[blank_end] a new word by adding a [blank_start]suffix[blank_end] or prefix. Derivational suffixes change the word [blank_start]class[blank_end]. Zero derivation means the word class changes [blank_start]without[blank_end] a suffix being added.
    [blank_start]Compounds[blank_end] are two independent words put together to form a new [blank_start]word[blank_end] in its own right. [blank_start]Nominal[blank_end] compounds are compounds that are functioning as nouns. These have [blank_start]initial[blank_end] stress, except from two exception: The [blank_start]Manufacturer's[blank_end] Rule and the Location Rule which have [blank_start]level[blank_end] stress.
    1. Acreating
    2. Bsuffix
    3. Cclass
    4. Dwithout
    5. ECompounds
    6. Fword
    7. GNominal
    8. Hinitial
    9. IManufacturer's
    10. Jlevel
  7. 7The majority of suffixes and prefixes are stress-[blank_start]neutral[blank_end]. Stress-[blank_start]shifting[blank_end] suffixes are suffixes that lead to a change in the stress [blank_start]pattern[blank_end]. Those can be divided into three different types: stress-[blank_start]carrying[blank_end] suffixes are suffixes that receive the stress in the word and two stress-[blank_start]repelling[blank_end] suffixes which either push the stress to the penultimate or [blank_start]antepenultimate[blank_end] syllable.
    1. Aneutral
    2. Bshifting
    3. Cpattern
    4. Dcarrying
    5. Erepelling
    6. Fantepenultimate
  8. 8Intonation is a change in [blank_start]pitch[blank_end] associated with an utterance. It is the suprasegmental [blank_start]level[blank_end]. On a [blank_start]linguistic[blank_end] level the intonation reflects the syntactic structure of a sentence which is indicated with punctuation marks, also it shows which [blank_start]information[blank_end] is already known (theme) and which one is new (rheme). On a paralinguistic level intonation communicates [blank_start]feelings[blank_end] and intentions.
    The speaker's three tasks on the suprasegmental level are [blank_start]tonality[blank_end], tonicity and [blank_start]tone[blank_end].
    1. Apitch
    2. Blevel
    3. Clinguistic
    4. Dinformation
    5. Efeelings
    6. Ftonality
    7. Gtone
  9. 9Tonality is [blank_start]grouping[blank_end] the speech flow into intonation [blank_start]phrases[blank_end].
    Tonicity is the [blank_start]placement[blank_end] of [blank_start]stressed[blank_end] syllables within an intonation phrase.
    Tone is the choice of a [blank_start]specific[blank_end] intonation pattern for the tonic [blank_start]syllable[blank_end].
    1. Agrouping
    2. Bphrases
    3. Cplacement
    4. Dstressed
    5. Especific
    6. Fsyllable
  10. 10Tonality is the [blank_start]division[blank_end] of the speech flow into [blank_start]units[blank_end]. An intonation phrase is a unit over which one intonation [blank_start]pattern[blank_end] is realized. The length of the intonation phrase is determined by the [blank_start]individual[blank_end] speaker and how fast they speak. Normally, intonation phrases coincide with [blank_start]sense[blank_end] units (what belongs together is spoken together). Furthermore, tonality can [blank_start]alter[blank_end] the sense of an utterance, meaning whether a string of phonemes spoken as one or two intonation phrases can lead to a [blank_start]difference[blank_end] in meaning.
    1. Adivision
    2. Bunits
    3. Cpattern
    4. Dindividual
    5. Esense
    6. Falter
    7. Gdifference

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Descrição
Quiz sobre Phonetics and Phonology - Syllables, Word Stress, Intonation, criado por Fiona D em 05-07-2017.
Autor
Fiona D
Idioma
Deutsch
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19
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