Perception Process: Selection, Organization and Interpretation

Organization:

We use organizational structures to make sense of (categorize) what we selected to notice.

Physical Contructs:

Classify people according to their appearence.

Role Contructs:

Use social position.

Interaction:

Focus on social behavior.

-Easy going

-Helpful

-Friendly

Phsycological:

Reefer to internal state of mind and dispositions.

-Confident

-Happy

-Insecure

Influences ( Stimuli)

Factors are intense and often attracts our attention. F.e (Extremely tall or short people)

Contrast or change:

We take wonderful people for granted.

Only when they go away we appreciate them

Internal factors:

Shape how we make sense of others

Our motives often determine how we perceive people.

Emotional State:

Our attitude /Expectation we bring to a situation shapes our level of happines / unhappines

Factors that affect the interpretation that we could have

Degree of involvement:

We tend to view people when we have or seek a relationship move favorably than other.

Relational Satisfaction:

The behavior that seems positive when you're happy with a partner might seem completely different when the relationship isn't satisfying

Personal Experience :

The meaning that similar events have held.

Assumptions about human behavior:

We assume people are lazy , dislike work , avoid responsability

Expectations:

When we anticipate people we behave in certain ways , our expectations color the way we interprettheir behavior

Knowledge of others:

Affects the way we interpret their actions.

The nature of language:

Collection of symbols governed by rules and used to convoy messages between individuals.

Language rules

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Phonological (sound)

Govern how words sound when pronounced.

Individual sound units in a language are combined and recombined to create larger language units.

Phonemes alter meaning of words when combined

Syntatic

Structure of language

Nonverbal Communication

The non verbal cues certainly have communicative value

Semantic

The meaning of specific word

Pragmatic

How we use language in everyday interaction.

It is important to create an image of ourselves as we want the others to view us.

Define the relationship we want to have with others

Ambiguos

Each person has different interpretation

Consider:

-Context

-your feelings

-The other person's mood

Functions

Repeating

People remember comments accompained by gestures more than those made by words alone

Substituting

Use emblems to describe deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have precise meaning known to everyone

Complementing They are used to reinforce verbal communication.

Accenting

Stressing certain words with the voice is another way to add nonverbal accent.

Contradicting

Express contradictory messages in their verbal and nonverbal behavior

Deceiving

It is easier to catch a liar when they have not had the change to rehearse

Types of nonverbal communication

Body movements

-Posture and gestures

Voice (paralanguage)

The tone of voice can change the meaning

Appareance

Touch

Physical touch can "speak" volumes

Space

Distance-Personal space

Territory- The way people use their space