Flashcards
Week 7 Drug abuse and addiction
Flashcards do conjunto (30)
- 1StimulantsADDICTIVE
Natural-Cocaine, nicotine, caffeine
Synthetic- Amphetamine - 2Cocaine effects wanted and unwantedWanted: increased energy, confidence, orgasmic
unwanted: paranoia, depression, CV effects - 3Cocaine targetsDA and NA transporters
(Inhibitor only)
(MAO)- non-transported uptake inhibitors - 4Amphetamine wanted and unwanted effectswanted: increased energy, confidence, loss of appetite
Unwanted: anxiety, paranoia, CV effects (high BP) - 5Amphetamine targets:DA and NA transporters, uptake and vesicular use VMAT, (MAO)- substrate-type releasers
(Inhibitor and release) - 6Neurotransmitter dopamine (DA)motor stimulation and reward
- 7Neurotransmitter Noradrenaline (NA/NE)cardiovascular stimulation
- 8HallucinogensNOT ADDICTIVE
Natural- mescaline cactus,mushroom psilocybin
Synthetic-LSD - 9Hallucinogen action and targetsalter 5 HT pathway activity
targets 5 HT receptors, MAO inhibitor, uptake transporter - 10Hallucinogen effects wanted and unwantedwanted: increased energy, creative thinking, hallucinations
unwanted: dizziness, paranoia, fear, panic, flashbacks, toxicity - 11MDMA ectasy mechanism of actioninhibit 5 HT transport, and releases 5 HT. inhibits MAO
- 12MDMA unwanted effectshyperthermia, coma, seizures, CV, increase BP, pulse, arrhythmias
- 13Opioid mechanismagonists at Mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors, also partial agonists
- 14Who uses/abuses opioids?addicts on the streets, high functioning long-term users, health care professionals. pain patients
- 15Heroin-illicit opioidacute effects: relief of physical/emotional pain, sedation, euphoria, hypoventilation, pupil constriction, nausea, vomiting, decreased gut motility
- 16Heroin mechanism of actionmetabolised to morphine= long duration of action
- 17Effects of heroin overdosefatal, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, treat with naloxone
- 18naloxone effectsantagonist which displaces opioids from receptor (strong binding, but no activation)
- 19Chronic opioid usetolerance, dependence
withdrawal symptoms: anxiety, irritability, agression, nausea, vomiting, dilated pupils - 20Opioid addictionmild 2-3 symptoms, moderate 4-5 symptoms, severe 6 or more symptoms, taking in larger amounts, continued use
- 21Treatment of opioid addiction1. manage detox, withdrawal
2. help with abstinence, reduce craving, reduce reward on relapse, prevent harm from continued use
3. help pt get life back on track, counselling, job etc - 22Chronic alcohol consumptioncauses tolerance, decrease in activity of GABA, increase in glutamate activity, reduction in release of endorphins, dopamine. physical dependence
- 23Chronic alcohol use withdrawal symptomstremor, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, headache, seizures, hallucinations, confusion, agitation, delirium
- 24Chronic alcohol use: withdrawal managementlong acting benzodiazepines-short time (abuse, potential), thiamine, counselling
- 25Pharmacotherapies: acamprosaterestores balance and normal activity of glutamate and GABA systems, reduce symptoms of protracted withdrawal, but down not reduce symptoms of acute withdrawal
6-12 months - 26Pharmacotherapies: Naltrexoneopioid receptor antagonsit, blocks the pleasureab;e effects of endogenous opioids indirectly released by alcohol
3-6 months - 27Pharmacotherapies: Disulfiraminhibition of hepatic acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, increased acetaldehyde-aversive reaction on consuming alcohol-facial flushing, nausea, vomiting.
3-6 months, at last 48 hrs post ceasing alcohol - 28Pharmacoltherapies Nicotine (NRT)chewing gum, lozenges, transdermal patches, inhaler, nasal spray
useful of dependent patients, on nicotine
poor compliance due to lower nicotine levels and slow onset of action
contraindication: recent CV disease - 29Non- nicotine containing drugsbupropion: anti depressant, NA, and DA reuptake inhibitor
side effects: dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, tremor, excessive sweating - 30Non- nicotine containing drugsVarenicline- nicotine receptor parital agonist
side effects: nausea, abnormal dreams, constipation, abdominal pain
Informações
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- O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina FlashCards sobre Week 7 Drug abuse and addiction, criado por Usuário eliminado em 08-10-2017.
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- Usuário eliminado · out 2017
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- 8 out 2017
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- Criado por Elizabeth Then · 2 out 2017
- Copiado por Elizabeth Then · 8 out 2017
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