Flashcards
Unit 3 Work and Career Related Issues (Orientation)
Flashcards do conjunto (60)
- 1What is Industrial organizational PsychologyIt is the study of human behavior in the workplace
- 2What is the role of intelligence in making career choiceIntelligence predicts the likelihood of entering in particular occupation as it is related to academic success.
- 3What is more important than general intelligence in many occupations?Special talents are more important than general intelligence in many occupations.
- 4Why one’s interest should be considered while planning one’s career?Interests underlie one’s motivation for work and job satisfaction therefore they should be considered while career planning.
- 5What is Occupational Outlook Handbook?It is a comprehensive guide to occupations, published every two years by U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics
- 6What does Occupation Outlook Handbook include?It includes job description, education and training requirements, advancement possibilities, salaries and employment outlooks for 250 occupations
- 7Where can we get more detailed information on particular occupations besides Occupational Outlook Handbook?We can get more detailed information on particular occupations from government agencies, trade unions, and professional organizations.
- 8What essential information one should know about occupations while choosing a career?The nature of work, working conditions, Job entry requirements, Potential earnings, Potential status, opportunities for advancement, intrinsic job satisfaction, future outlook.
- 9What is underemployment?It is settling for a job that does not fully utilize one’s skills, abilities and training.
- 10What is Occupational Interest Inventories?They measure your interests as they relate to various jobs or careers.
- 11Three most widely used interest tests?Strong Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII), Self Directed Search (SDS) and Kuder Occupational Interest Survey (KOIS)
- 12What does Occupational interest inventory focus on?They focus more on the likelihood of job satisfaction than job success.
- 13What are the important considerations to keep in mind while choosing a career?One must have potential for success in variety of occupations. One should not choose a career solely on the basis of salary. There are limits to one’s career options. Some career decisions are not easily undone. Career choice is a developmental process.
- 14Hexagonal model of career choiceAccording to Holland, people flourish when their personality type is matched with a work environment that is congruent with their abilities, interests and self-beliefs.
- 15What are personal orientations and work environments in Holland’s systemPeople can be classified into one of the six personality type called personal orientation. Similarly, occupations can be classified into six ideal work environments.
- 16Describe Realistic personality orientation and their optimal work environmentThey are good at mechanical tasks and weak in social skills.They prefer jobs with tasks that are physical or mechanical and that are clearly defined such as farming, auto mechanics and engineering.
- 17Describe Investigative Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment.They enjoy abstract thinking and logical analysis. They prefer working with ideas rather than things or people. They prefer working in research lab or libraries.
- 18Describe Artistic Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment.They are imaginative and independent, tend to be impulsive, creative & socially aloof. They have high need for emotional expression and prefer career in art, music or drama.
- 19Describe Social Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment.They are understanding and want to help others. They prefer interaction with people and have necessary social skills. They prefer helping professions like teaching, nursing and social work.
- 20Describe Enterprising Personality Orientation and their optimal work environmentThey are self confident, popular and social. They like to use their social skills to lead or persuade others. They prefer sales or supervisory positions
- 21Describe Conventional Personality Orientation and their optimal work environmentThey are conforming, systematic and orderly. They have great clerical and mathematical ability. They prefer structure and are suited to business world.
- 22Name the test developed by Holland to measure six basic personal orientationsSelf Directed Search (SDS) is a self scoring test by Holland to measure six basic personal orientations
- 23Super’s Developmental ModelDevelopmental Model by Donald Super asserts that one’s self concept is the critical factor in career choice. Career choice reflects person’s attempts to express their changing views of themselves.
- 245 Major stages of Super’s Developmental ModelGrowth stage, Exploration stage, Establishment Stage, Maintenance stage, Establishment Stage and Decline Stage.
- 25Growth StageYoungsters fantasize about exotic jobs they would enjoy, largely oblivious to realistic consideration such as the abilities or education required for specific job.
- 26Exploration StagePressure from parents, teachers and peers to develop general career direction and narrow it down to specific one. In later part of the stage, they attempt to enter the world of work on full time basis.
- 27Establishment StageThe task is now to demonstrate ability to function effectively in chosen occupation. They use previously acquired skills, learn new skills and display flexibility in adapting to organizational changes.
- 28Maintenance StageOpportunities for further career advancement and occupational mobility decline. Primary goal is to protect the security, power, advantages and perks that one has attained.
- 29Decline Stage.People redirect their energy and attention toward planning for retirement. Many look forward to it eagerly while others worry about their financial viability.
- 30Women have different patterns of career development than menWomen subordinate their career goals to their husbands’, and are more likely to interrupt their careers to concentrate on child rearing or family crisis.
- 31M-curve in women’s career development.Women’s participation in work force shows sharp rise as they take their first jobs, then sharp dip as they leave to concentrate on child-rearing and finally second sharp rise when they return to work.
- 32What do we mean by the word ‘Work’/ definition of WorkWork is an activity that produces something of value for others. For eg, work is a way of living for others.
- 33Why should we be aware of work trends and there are how many important trends?The trends in the workplace can have an effect on the future job prospectus. So it is important that we are aware of the 6 work trends.
- 34Mention the six important work related trends:1.Changing technology in the nature of work
2.Importance of new work attitudes
3.Necessity of lifelong learning
4.Increase in temporary employment
5.The boundaries between work and home
6.Service sector jobs. - 35What do we mean by Labor Force?The labor force consists of all those who are employed as well as those who are currently unemployed but are looking for work.
- 36Major challenge todayMaintain work,family and leisure activities
- 37Who are Workaholics?Workaholics
Devote nearly all their time and energy to their jobs. Put in lots of overtime, take few vacations, regularly bring work to home from the office and think about work most of the time. - 38Enthusiastic workaholicsThey work for pure joy. They derive immense satisfaction from work and generally perform well in highly demanding jobs.
- 39Non enthusiast workaholicsFeel driven to work but reports low job enjoyment.
- 40Important facts for dual earner coupleTwo workers juggle three jobs - Two paid jobs and one unpaid job at home.
- 41Define Spill over effectWhat goes on work can spill over to affect family life and vice versa.
- 42Work-Family conflictFeeling of being pulled in multiple directions by competing demands from jobs and family.
- 43Define LeisureUnpaid activities people choose to engage in because the activities are personally meaningful.
- 44What is ‘Technostress’?The stress experienced due to the need to adapt to computers and
automated offices. - 45What are the factors contributing to stress in American workers (Gwendolyn Keita and Joseph Hurrell- 1994)?1. More employment in service industry
2. Unpredictable economy
3. Rapid changes in computer technology
4. Diverse workplace - 46What are the 3 levels at which occupational stress is dealt with?1. Individual
2. Organizational
3. Individual- organizational - 47Focus of job stress intervention at individual levelRelaxation training
Time management
Cognitive approaches to reappraising stressful events
Improve physical health - 48Focus of job stress intervention at organizational level> Making surroundings more comfortable for employees
> Giving adequate decision control/ greater participation in decision making
> Decentralizing management - 49What does the Family and Medical Leave Act state?It requires larger organizations to provide workers with time-off (unpaid) for the
birth of a child or serious illness of a family member. - 50Define ‘ Sexual Harassment’Sexual Harassment’ occurs when employees are subjected to unwelcome sexually
oriented behavior. - 51What are the two ways of sexual harassment?1. quid pro quo- worker’s survival of the job depends on agreeing to engage
in unwanted sex
2. Environmental- inflicts psychological harm and interfere with job
performance. - 52Which model helps predicting occurrence of sexual harassment?Two-factor model based on the person (prospective harasser) and the social
situation) helps predicting the occurrence of sexual harassment. - 53Sexual harassment is most likely to occur when individual proclivity is ____ and organizational norms are ___.high
accepting - 54Causes of unemployment- Dramatic economic changes
- Globalization - 55Define ‘displaced workers’.Individuals who are unemployed because their jobs have disappeared.
- 56Effects of unemployment1. Economic distress
2. Loss of self-esteem
3. Depression
4. Anxiety
5. Suicide - 57Losing job at middle age is most stressful because…1. More financial responsibility
2. Cessation of health insurance
3. Lesser opportunities of getting new job
4. Pain experienced due to important source of life satisfaction being cut off - 58How to make an effective resume?-Heading
-Objective
-Education
-Experience - 59What is executive recruiters ? -Executive recruiters work on commission for organizations that have vacancies to fill. They earn their
livelihood by relatively looking for people who have the qualifications being sought by hiring the
organizations. - 60Techniques to get selected for interview?-brush up on your nonverbal communication skills.
-find out all you about the company
-Demeanor should be formal and reserved
-avoid any discussion of salary in an initial interview.
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- Descrição
- Unit 3 Work and Career Related Issues Orientation to special areas in counseling.
- Criado por
- Sumaiya Patel
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