Flashcards
HPA - Hyperthyroidism
Flashcards do conjunto (12)
- 1What is it?Excessive functional activity of the thyroid gland
- 2Prevalence?In Australia, thyroid conditions affect approx 7.5% of women and 1.5% of men and the prevalence increases with age.
- 3Risk factorsViral infection of the thyroid
Pregnancy
Auto-immune disease (i.e graves)
Family history (genetic)
Females higher risk - 4AetiologyGraves disease is a large cause
Pituitary issues
Thyroiditis
Thyroid storm
Excess thyroid hormone replacement medication - 5Graves disease (what is it? epidem, presentation)an autoimmune disease caused by a defect in immunoregulation in genetically predisposed individuals. It leads to a production of thyroid-stimulating antibodies.
Occurs five times more often in women. Increased iodine intake is associated with increased frequency of hyperthyroidism.
People with this disease have an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Often seen with bulging eyes. Goiter results from excess TSH - 6Thyroid stormextreme hyperthyroidism (life threatening) due to infection, stress, trauma. Leads to febrile state, tachycardia, HTN, tremors, seizures
- 7PathophysiologyIncreased circulating levels of TH → increases metabolic rate and heightens sympathetic nervous systems response to stimulation → increases cardiac rate and stroke volume → increases cardiac output and peripheral blood flow; increases carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism → lipids are depleted and glucose tolerance increases → protein degradation increases → negative nitrogen balance → kilojoule and nutritional deficiencies
- 8Symptoms- Increased appetite
- Weight loss
- May have increased bowel motility and diarrhoea
- Heat intolerance
= Increased sweating
- Insomnia
- Palpitations - 9Investigations requiredTA test
TSH test
T3 test, free
T3, uptake test
T4 test, total
RAI uptake test
Thyroid suppression test - 10Nursing assessments and findingsFull body assessment required - has multisystemic effects
Cardiovascular - hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmia, palpitations
Respiratory - dyspnoea
Gastrointestinal - nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain
Musculoskeletal - muscle wasting, weakness, fatigue
Neurological - hand and eye tremors, nervousness, insomnia, emotional lability, hyperactive reflexes
Sensory: blurred vision, photophobia, lacrimation, Exophthalmos (Graves disease), heat intolerance
Integumentary - fine and thin hair, flushed and moist skin
Metabolic - weight loss
Reproductive - amenorrhea, decreased libido - 11Vital signs effectsRR - dyspnea can occur on movement and can also be high >20
HR - tachycardia & arrhythmia
BP - hypertension - 12TreatmentsHyperthyroidism is treated by administering antithyroid medications that reduce TH production.
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- Criado por Em J · 10 jun 2018
- Copiado por Em J · 10 jun 2018
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