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med chem 2

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med chem 2

Flashcards do conjunto (147)

  1. 1—beta-D-Digitoxose
    sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside    beta-D-Digitoxose sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside
  2. 2—beta-D-Glucose
    sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside    beta-D-Glucose sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside
  3. 3—beta-L-Rhamnose
    sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside    beta-L-Rhamnose sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside
  4. 4—beta-D-Cymarose
    sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside    beta-D-Cymarose sugar moiety of cardiac glycoside
  5. 5—digitoxigenin
    non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside
    steroid structure
    cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene
    cardenolide (5 membered lactone ring)
    planr source    digitoxigenin non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside steroid structure cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene cardenolide (5 membered l...
  6. 6—digoxigenin
    non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside
    steroid structure
    cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene
    more polar    digoxigenin non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside steroid structure cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene more polar
  7. 7—strophanthidin
    non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside
    steroid structure
    cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene    strophanthidin non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside steroid structure cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene
  8. 8—gitoxigenin
    non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside
    steroid structure
    cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene    gitoxigenin non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside steroid structure cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene
  9. 9—ouabagenin
    non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside
    steroid structure
    cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene    ouabagenin non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside steroid structure cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene
  10. 10—bufadienolide
    non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside
    steroid structure
    cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene
    6 membered lactone ring
    animal source    bufadienolide non sugar aglycone moiety of cardiac glycoside steroid structure cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene 6 membered lactone ring a...
  11. 11—lanatoside A
    cardiac glycoside
    digitalis lanata
    digitoxigenin+glucose-3-acetyl(digitoxose)3    lanatoside A cardiac glycoside digitalis lanata digitoxigenin+glucose-3-acetyl(digitoxose)3
  12. 12—digitoxin
    cardiac glycoside    digitoxin cardiac glycoside
  13. 13—digoxin
    cardiac glycoside    digoxin cardiac glycoside
  14. 14—ouabain
    cardiac glycoside
    very polar
    not clinically used    ouabain cardiac glycoside very polar not clinically used
  15. 15—inamrinone
    positive inotropic agents
    phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor
    thrombocytopenia
    metabolized in liver    inamrinone positive inotropic agents phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor thrombocytopenia metabolized in liver
  16. 16—milrinone
    positive inotropic agents
    phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor
    more potent
    less toxic
    unchanged excretion    milrinone positive inotropic agents phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor more potent less toxic unchanged excretion
  17. 17—dobutamine
    positive inotropic agents
    beta 1-adrenoceptor agonists
    inactive orally and given IV    dobutamine positive inotropic agents beta 1-adrenoceptor agonists inactive orally and given IV
  18. 18—nitric-nitrate
    nitrovasodilator
    organic nitrate    nitric-nitrate nitrovasodilator organic nitrate
  19. 19—nitrous-nitrite
    nitrovasodilator
    organ nitrite    nitrous-nitrite nitrovasodilator organ nitrite
  20. 20—amyl nitrite
    antianginal agent
    nitrovasodilator
    prodrug
    isopentyl nitrite
    give inactive metabolite
    volatile at RT
    most rapid onset/short duration of action
    insoluble in water/miscible with organic solvents    amyl nitrite antianginal agent nitrovasodilator prodrug isopentyl nitrite give inactive metabolite volatile at RT most rapid onset/short ...
  21. 21—glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin)
    antianginal agent
    nitrovasodilator
    prodrug
    explosive in dynamite
    colorless oil
    volatile
    skin absorption    glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) antianginal agent nitrovasodilator prodrug explosive in dynamite colorless oil volatile skin absorption
  22. 22—erythrityl tetranitrate
    antianginal agent
    nitrovasodilator
    prodrug
    solid
    slightly water soluble
    more soluble in organic solvents
    slower onset/long duration of action
    low volatility    erythrityl tetranitrate antianginal agent nitrovasodilator prodrug solid slightly water soluble more soluble in organic solvents slower o...
  23. 23—pentaerythritol tetranitrate
    antianginal agent
    nitrovasodilator
    prodrug
    crystalline
    weakly insoluble in alcohol
    readily soluble in acetone
    powerful explosive    pentaerythritol tetranitrate antianginal agent nitrovasodilator prodrug crystalline weakly insoluble in alcohol readily soluble in aceton...
  24. 24—isosorbide dinitrate
    antianginal agent
    nitrovasodilator
    prodrug
    solid
    water soluble
    give active metabolite (100% bioavailable)    isosorbide dinitrate antianginal agent nitrovasodilator prodrug solid water soluble give active metabolite (100% bioavailable)
  25. 25—nifedipine
    antianginal
    calcium channel blocker
    DHP
    orally active/ metabolized
    decrease afterload
    reflex tachycardia    nifedipine antianginal calcium channel blocker DHP orally active/ metabolized decrease afterload reflex tachycardia
  26. 26—amlodipine
    antianginal
    calcium channel blocker
    DHP
    orally active/ metabolized
    decrease afterload
    reflex tachycardia
    bioavailability: 60-90%
    DOA: 24h    amlodipine antianginal calcium channel blocker DHP orally active/ metabolized decrease afterload reflex tachycardia bioavailability: 60-9...
  27. 27—nicardipine
    antianginal
    calcium channel blocker
    DHP
    orally active/ metabolized
    decrease afterload
    reflex tachycardia    nicardipine antianginal calcium channel blocker DHP orally active/ metabolized decrease afterload reflex tachycardia
  28. 28—verapamil
    antianginal
    calcium channel blocker
    non DHP/ phenylalkylamine
    orally active/ metabolized by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6
    decrease HR
    - inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic    verapamil antianginal calcium channel blocker non DHP/ phenylalkylamine orally active/ metabolized by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 decrease HR - ino...
  29. 29—bepiridil
    antiangina
    calcium channel blocker
    non DHP/ diarylaminopropylaminoether
    rarely used    bepiridil antiangina calcium channel blocker non DHP/ diarylaminopropylaminoether rarely used
  30. 30—diltiazem
    antianginal
    calcium channel blocker
    non DHP/ benzothiazepine
    orally active/ metabolized by hydrolysis
    decrease HR
    - inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic    diltiazem antianginal calcium channel blocker non DHP/ benzothiazepine orally active/ metabolized by hydrolysis decrease HR - inotropic, ...
  31. 31—noverapamil
    metabolite of verapamil
    by N-demethylation
    30-50% active as parent drug    noverapamil metabolite of verapamil by N-demethylation 30-50% active as parent drug
  32. 32—desacetyldiltiazem
    metabolite of diltiazem
    by hydrolysis of ester
    30-50% active as parent drug    desacetyldiltiazem metabolite of diltiazem by hydrolysis of ester 30-50% active as parent drug
  33. 33—dipyridamole
    antianginal
    coronary vasodilator
    antiplatelet activity
    non selective so rarely used    dipyridamole antianginal coronary vasodilator antiplatelet activity non selective so rarely used
  34. 34—papaverine
    antianginal
    coronary vasodilator
    orally active
    antispasmotic
    non selective so rarely used    papaverine antianginal coronary vasodilator orally active antispasmotic non selective so rarely used
  35. 35—cyclandelate
    antianginal
    coronary vasodilator
    non selective so rarely used    cyclandelate antianginal coronary vasodilator non selective so rarely used
  36. 36—MPPP (designer heroin)
    active opioid agonist
    reversed ester of meperidine
    phenylpiperidine synthetic analgesics    MPPP (designer heroin) active opioid agonist reversed ester of meperidine phenylpiperidine synthetic analgesics
  37. 37—nisentil (alpha-prodine)
    phenylpiperidine synthetic analgesics    nisentil (alpha-prodine) phenylpiperidine synthetic analgesics
  38. 38—demerol (meperidine)
    active opioid agonist
    phenylpiperidine synthetic analgesics    demerol (meperidine) active opioid agonist phenylpiperidine synthetic analgesics
  39. 39—MPTP
    N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    byproduct of MPPP
    metabolized orally/IV/inhalation by MAO-B
    lead to parkinsonism    MPTP N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine byproduct of MPPP metabolized orally/IV/inhalation by MAO-B lead to parkinsonism
  40. 40—MPP+
    1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
    toxic
    irreversible damage of DA neurons
    metabolite of MPTP    MPP+ 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium toxic irreversible damage of DA neurons metabolite of MPTP
  41. 41—benztropine mesylate
    anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent
    synthetic
    centrally acting
    limited use
    given with dopaminergic therapy
    severe central and peripheral side effects    benztropine mesylate anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent synthetic centrally acting limited use given with dopaminergic therapy severe...
  42. 42—trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride
    anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent
    synthetic
    centrally acting
    limited use
    given with dopaminergic therapy
    severe central and peripheral side effects
    salt/pH dependent    trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent synthetic centrally acting limited use given with dopaminergic thera...
  43. 43—procyclidine hydrochloride
    anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent
    synthetic
    centrally acting
    limited use
    given with dopaminergic therapy
    severe central and peripheral side effects
    salt/pH dependent    procyclidine hydrochloride anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent synthetic centrally acting limited use given with dopaminergic therapy ...
  44. 44—biperiden hydrochloride
    anticholinergic agent
    synthetic
    salt
    pH dependent    biperiden hydrochloride anticholinergic agent synthetic salt pH dependent
  45. 45—diphenhydramine hydrochloride
    antihistamine    diphenhydramine hydrochloride antihistamine
  46. 46—orphenadrine hydrochloride
    antihistamine
    centrally acting
    limited use
    given with dopaminergic therapy
    severe central and peripheral side effects    orphenadrine hydrochloride antihistamine centrally acting limited use given with dopaminergic therapy severe central and peripheral side ...
  47. 47—L-DOPA
    levo dihydroxyphenylalanine
    precursor of dopamine
    absorbed in GI and enters brain by active transport
    less basic
    given orally
    alone 1-3% to brain
    with carbidopa 10%    L-DOPA levo dihydroxyphenylalanine precursor of dopamine absorbed in GI and enters brain by active transport less basic given orally alon...
  48. 48—dopamine
    3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine
    highly basic (doesn't cross the brain)
    rapidly metabolized    dopamine 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine highly basic (doesn't cross the brain) rapidly metabolized
  49. 49—3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylalanine
    metabolite of L-DOPA by COMT    3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylalanine metabolite of L-DOPA by COMT
  50. 50—3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
    metabolite of dopamine by MAO    3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid metabolite of dopamine by MAO
  51. 51—vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
    final metabolite of L-DOPA    vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) final metabolite of L-DOPA
  52. 52—carbidopa
    decarboxylase inhibitor
    delivers more L-DOPA to brain
    acts peripherally
    doesn't cross the BBB    carbidopa decarboxylase inhibitor delivers more L-DOPA to brain acts peripherally doesn't cross the BBB
  53. 53—selegiline
    first generation irreversible MAO-B inhibitor
    orally metabolized
    gives metamphetamine
    side effect: vasoconstriction, hallucination    selegiline first generation irreversible MAO-B inhibitor orally metabolized gives metamphetamine side effect: vasoconstriction, hallucina...
  54. 54—rasagiline
    second generation irreversible MAO-B inhibitor
    orally metabolized to 1-aminoindan
    no side effects    rasagiline second generation irreversible MAO-B inhibitor orally metabolized to 1-aminoindan no side effects
  55. 55—tolcapone
    reversible non specific COMT inhibitor
    long acting (8-12h)
    centrally and peripherally acting
    nausea, hallucination
    hepatic failure    tolcapone reversible non specific COMT inhibitor long acting (8-12h) centrally and peripherally acting nausea, hallucination hepatic failure
  56. 56—entacapone
    reversible non specific COMT inhibitor
    short acting (2h)
    mostly peripherally
    nausea,hallucination    entacapone reversible non specific COMT inhibitor short acting (2h) mostly peripherally nausea,hallucination
  57. 57—amphetamine
    metabolite of metamphetamine (metabolite of selegiline)
    causes side effects of selegiline    amphetamine metabolite of metamphetamine (metabolite of selegiline) causes side effects of selegiline
  58. 58—metamphetamine
    metabolite of selegiline    metamphetamine metabolite of selegiline
  59. 59—amantadine
    primary amine
    admantane derivative
    dopamine releasing agent
    inhibit dopamine reuptake
    protonated/lipophilic
    less potent
    short lived benefits (few weeks)
    reversible side effects: insomnia hallucination, depression, confusion, agitation    amantadine primary amine admantane derivative dopamine releasing agent inhibit dopamine reuptake protonated/lipophilic less potent short ...
  60. 60—Memantine
    admantane derivative
    dopamine releasing agent
    inhibit dopamine reuptake    Memantine admantane derivative dopamine releasing agent inhibit dopamine reuptake
  61. 61—quinidine
    antiarrhythmic
    class 1A
    alkaloid (cinchona bark)
    basic
    hepatic metabolism/unchanged renal excrection
    for supraventricular tachycardia
    inhibit renal excretion of digoxin
    - inotropic/anticholinergic act/peripheral alpha adrenergic
    SE: GI disturbances    quinidine antiarrhythmic class 1A alkaloid (cinchona bark) basic hepatic metabolism/unchanged renal excrection for supraventricular tachy...
  62. 62—o-demethylquinidine
    metabolite of quinidine
    active
    by partial hepatic metabolism    o-demethylquinidine metabolite of quinidine active by partial hepatic metabolism
  63. 63—oxydihydroquinidine
    metabolite of quinidine
    active
    by partial hepatic metabolism    oxydihydroquinidine metabolite of quinidine active by partial hepatic metabolism
  64. 64—procainamide
    antiarrhythmic
    class 1A
    from procaine
    gd GI absorbance (70-80% biovailability)
    liver metabolism
    unchanged renal excretion
    for ventricular tachycardia
    SE: lupus syndrome (20-30%)    procainamide antiarrhythmic class 1A from procaine gd GI absorbance (70-80% biovailability) liver metabolism unchanged renal excretion fo...
  65. 65—n-acetylprocainamide
    metabolite of procainamide
    active    n-acetylprocainamide metabolite of procainamide active
  66. 66—p-aminobenzoic acid
    metabolite of procainamide    p-aminobenzoic acid metabolite of procainamide
  67. 67—metabolite of procainamidemetabolite of procainamide
  68. 68—disopyramide
    antiarrhythmic
    class 1A
    phosphate salt
    rapid and highly GI absorbance
    liver metabolism (50%)-> active(n-deacetylation)
    renal excretion (50%)
    for ventricular and atrial arrhythmias
    SE: anticholinergic effects    disopyramide antiarrhythmic class 1A phosphate salt rapid and highly GI absorbance liver metabolism (50%)-> active(n-deacetylation) re...
  69. 69—lidocaine
    antiarrhythmic
    class 1B
    local anesthetic
    first pass metabolism (n-dealkylation)
    SE: emesis, convulsion    lidocaine antiarrhythmic class 1B local anesthetic first pass metabolism (n-dealkylation) SE: emesis, convulsion
  70. 70—monoethylxylidine
    metabolite of lidocaine
    give glycine xylidide
    active
    CNS effect    monoethylxylidine metabolite of lidocaine give glycine xylidide active CNS effect
  71. 71—metabolite of lidocainemetabolite of lidocaine
  72. 72—metabolite of lidocainemetabolite of lidocaine
  73. 73—tocainide
    antiarrhythmic
    class 1B
    orally active/ absorbed (bcz of alpha methyl)
    slow metabolism
    for emergency ventricular arrhythmias
    SE: GI disturbance, CNS effects    tocainide antiarrhythmic class 1B orally active/ absorbed (bcz of alpha methyl) slow metabolism for emergency ventricular arrhythmias SE:...
  74. 74—mexiletine
    antiarrhythmia
    class 1B
    xylyloxy and ethylamine derivative
    hydrolysis --> ether
    given orally and IV
    renal, hepatic elimination
    like lidocaine and tocainamide
    p-hydroxylation and hydroxymethylation (inactive)    mexiletine antiarrhythmia class 1B xylyloxy and ethylamine derivative hydrolysis --> ether given orally and IV renal, hepatic eliminat...
  75. 75—phenytoin
    antiarrhythmia
    class 1B
    anticonvulsant
    orally active
    IV use
    p-hydroxylation (inactive)
    for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias    phenytoin antiarrhythmia class 1B anticonvulsant orally active IV use p-hydroxylation (inactive) for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
  76. 76—flecainide
    antiarrhythmia
    class 1C
    fluorinated benzamide derivative
    acetate form
    oral absorption
    liver metabolism (50%)--> m-O-dealkylation (active)
    SE: aggravation of arrhythmias, blurred vision, headache, nausea, GI disturbance    flecainide antiarrhythmia class 1C fluorinated benzamide derivative acetate form oral absorption liver metabolism (50%)--> m-O-dealkyl...
  77. 77—propafenone
    antiarrhythmic
    class 1C
    local anesthetic
    orally, IV
    GI absorption
    hepatic metabolism by CYP2D6    propafenone antiarrhythmic class 1C local anesthetic orally, IV GI absorption hepatic metabolism by CYP2D6
  78. 78—moricizine
    antiarrhythmia
    class 1C
    phenothiazine
    orally
    short half-life
    but effect lasts hours (active metabolite)    moricizine antiarrhythmia class 1C phenothiazine orally short half-life but effect lasts hours (active metabolite)
  79. 79—encainide
    antiarrhythmia
    class 1C
    not used    encainide antiarrhythmia class 1C not used
  80. 80—ibutilide
    antiarrhythmic
    class 3
    methanesulfonanilide derivative
    no beta adrenergic blocking activity
    only by IV infusion    ibutilide antiarrhythmic class 3 methanesulfonanilide derivative no beta adrenergic blocking activity only by IV infusion
  81. 81—bretylium tosylate
    antiarrhythmic
    class 3
    adrenergic neuronal blocking agent
    antihypertensive
    given IV
    for life threatening cases of ventricular arrhythmia    bretylium tosylate antiarrhythmic class 3 adrenergic neuronal blocking agent antihypertensive given IV for life threatening cases of vent...
  82. 82—amiodarone
    antiarrhythmia
    class 3
    coronary vasodilator
    iodine containing agent--> affect thyroid hormone activity (hypo and hyperthyroidism)
    t1/2 = 25d (very long)
    for life threatening ventricular arrhythmia    amiodarone antiarrhythmia class 3 coronary vasodilator iodine containing agent--> affect thyroid hormone activity (hypo and hyperthyro...
  83. 83—dofetilide
    antiarrhythmic
    class 3
    bis-methanesulfonanilide derivative
    more potent
    GI absorbtion (96-100% bioavailability)
    protein binding 60-70%
    metabolized by CYP3A4 (dealkylation, n-oxydation)--> inactive
    unchanged excretion (80%)    dofetilide antiarrhythmic class 3 bis-methanesulfonanilide derivative more potent GI absorbtion (96-100% bioavailability) protein binding...
  84. 84—Sotalol
    antiarrhythmic
    class 3
    methanesulfonanilide derivative
    non selective beta blocker    Sotalol antiarrhythmic class 3 methanesulfonanilide derivative non selective beta blocker
  85. 85—verapamil
    antiarrhythmic
    class 4
    slows phase 4
    slow SA node firing and conduction to AV node    verapamil antiarrhythmic class 4 slows phase 4 slow SA node firing and conduction to AV node
  86. 86—diltiazem
    antiarrhythmic
    class 4
    slows phase 4
    slow SA node firing and conduction to AV node    diltiazem antiarrhythmic class 4 slows phase 4 slow SA node firing and conduction to AV node
  87. 87—benazepril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    undergoes glucuronidation
    DOA= 24h
    renal excretion
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    benazepril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active undergoes glucuronidation DOA= 24h renal excretion SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, ...
  88. 88—moexipril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    renal, fecal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    moexipril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active renal, fecal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, h...
  89. 89—captopril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    active
    renal excretion
    DOA= 6-12h
    gd lipid solubility
    acidic
    gives dimer
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    captopril RAS inhibitor ACEI active renal excretion DOA= 6-12h gd lipid solubility acidic gives dimer SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry c...
  90. 90—perindopril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    renal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    perindopril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active renal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headac...
  91. 91—enalapril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    hepatic metabolism
    renal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    enalapril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active hepatic metabolism renal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste di...
  92. 92—enalaprilat
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    active
    given IV
    gd lipid solubility
    renal excretion
    DOA= 6h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    enalaprilat RAS inhibitor ACEI active given IV gd lipid solubility renal excretion DOA= 6h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste...
  93. 93—quinapril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    renal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    quinapril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active renal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache...
  94. 94—fosinopril sodium
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    acidic
    renal, hepatic excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    fosinopril sodium RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active acidic renal, hepatic excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, tas...
  95. 95—ramipril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    do glucuronidation, cyclization-> inactive
    renal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    ramipril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active do glucuronidation, cyclization-> inactive renal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperk...
  96. 96—lisinopril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    active
    gd lipophilicity
    renal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    lisinopril RAS inhibitor ACEI active gd lipophilicity renal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance...
  97. 97—trandolapril
    RAS inhibitor
    ACEI
    prodrug
    active
    renal,fecal excretion
    DOA= 24h
    SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance, headache, nausea, diarrhea, angioedema, acute renal failure    trandolapril RAS inhibitor ACEI prodrug active renal,fecal excretion DOA= 24h SE: hypotension, hyperkalemia,dry cough, taste disturbance,...
  98. 98—disulfide dimer
    metabolite of captopril
    inactive    disulfide dimer metabolite of captopril inactive
  99. 99—captopril cysteine disulfide
    metabolite of captopril
    inactive    captopril cysteine disulfide metabolite of captopril inactive
  100. 100—glucuronide conjugate
    metabolite of benazepril    glucuronide conjugate metabolite of benazepril
  101. 101—diketopiperazine metabolite
    metabolite of ramapril
    inactive    diketopiperazine metabolite metabolite of ramapril inactive
  102. 102—valsartan
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    tetrazol derivative
    orally active
    renal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    valsartan RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist tetrazol derivative orally active renal elimination S...
  103. 103—irbesartan
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    tetrazol derivative
    orally active
    fecal, renal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    irbesartan RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist tetrazol derivative orally active fecal, renal elimi...
  104. 104—telmisartan
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    orally active
    fecal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    telmisartan RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist orally active fecal elimination SE: same as ACEI bu...
  105. 105—losartan
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    tetrazol derivative
    orally active
    metabolized into active
    fecal, renal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    losartan RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist tetrazol derivative orally active metabolized into act...
  106. 106—candesartan cilexetil
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    tetrazol derivative
    prodrug
    metabolized into active
    fecal, renal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    candesartan cilexetil RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist tetrazol derivative prodrug metabolized i...
  107. 107—olmesartan medoxomil
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    tetrazol derivative
    prodrug
    metabolized into active
    fecal, renal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    olmesartan medoxomil RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist tetrazol derivative prodrug metabolized in...
  108. 108—eprosartan
    RAS inhibitor
    angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)
    competitive antagonist
    orally active
    fecal, renal elimination
    SE: same as ACEI but no dry cough, taste disturbances, angioedema    eprosartan RAS inhibitor angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB) competitive antagonist orally active fecal, renal elimination SE: same as A...
  109. 109—EXP-3174
    metabolite of losartan by CYP3A4
    active
    non competitive antagonist
    tetrazol derivative    EXP-3174 metabolite of losartan by CYP3A4 active non competitive antagonist tetrazol derivative
  110. 110—mannitol
    osmotic diuretics
    very polar
    given IV
    if orally--> osmotic diarrhea    mannitol osmotic diuretics very polar given IV if orally--> osmotic diarrhea
  111. 111—sorbitol
    osmotic diuretics
    very polar
    given IV
    if orally--> osmotic diarrhea    sorbitol osmotic diuretics very polar given IV if orally--> osmotic diarrhea
  112. 112—isosorbide
    osmotic diuretics
    given orally    isosorbide osmotic diuretics given orally
  113. 113—urea
    osmotic diuretics
    given IV
    unpleasant taste    urea osmotic diuretics given IV unpleasant taste
  114. 114—acetazolamide
    diuretics
    carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
    arylsulfonamide
    for glaucoma
    cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis    acetazolamide diuretics carbonic anhydrase inhibitors arylsulfonamide for glaucoma cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis
  115. 115—methazolamide
    diuretics
    carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
    arylsulfonamide
    for glaucoma
    cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis    methazolamide diuretics carbonic anhydrase inhibitors arylsulfonamide for glaucoma cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis
  116. 116—ethoxzolamide
    diuretics
    carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
    arylsulfonamide
    for glaucoma
    cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis    ethoxzolamide diuretics carbonic anhydrase inhibitors arylsulfonamide for glaucoma cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis
  117. 117—dichlorphenamide
    diuretics
    carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
    arylsulfonamide
    for glaucoma
    cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis    dichlorphenamide diuretics carbonic anhydrase inhibitors arylsulfonamide for glaucoma cause hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis
  118. 118—benzene-1,3-disulfonamide
    aryl sulfonamide derivative    benzene-1,3-disulfonamide aryl sulfonamide derivative
  119. 119—aminochlorphenamine
    diuretics
    benzothiadiazine (thiazide)    aminochlorphenamine diuretics benzothiadiazine (thiazide)
  120. 120—6-chloro-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide-1,1-dioxide
    diuretics
    benzothiadiazine (thiazide)    6-chloro-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide-1,1-dioxide diuretics benzothiadiazine (thiazide)
  121. 121—quinethazone
    diuretics
    thiazide-like
    quinazolinone derivative
    orally active
    long DOA (18-24h)    quinethazone diuretics thiazide-like quinazolinone derivative orally active long DOA (18-24h)
  122. 122—metolazone
    diuretics
    thiazide-like
    quinazolinone derivative
    orally active
    long DOA
    more potent    metolazone diuretics thiazide-like quinazolinone derivative orally active long DOA more potent
  123. 123—chlorthalidone
    diuretics
    thiazide-like
    phthalamidine derivative
    orally active
    long DOA (48-72h)    chlorthalidone diuretics thiazide-like phthalamidine derivative orally active long DOA (48-72h)
  124. 124—indapamide
    diuretics
    thiazide-like
    indoline derivative
    orally active
    long DOA (24-36h)
    potent    indapamide diuretics thiazide-like indoline derivative orally active long DOA (24-36h) potent
  125. 125—furosemide
    diuretic
    loop diuretic
    orally active
    quick onset of action (30min)
    short DOA (6h)
    SE: electrolyte and fluid imbalance, hypokalemia, hyperurecemia, ototoxicity, hypersensitivity    furosemide diuretic loop diuretic orally active quick onset of action (30min) short DOA (6h) SE: electrolyte and fluid imbalance, hypokal...
  126. 126—5-sulfamoyl-anthranilic acid
    diuretic
    loop diuretic
    orthoaminobenzoic acid    5-sulfamoyl-anthranilic acid diuretic loop diuretic orthoaminobenzoic acid
  127. 127—bumetanidediuretic
    loop diuretic
    5-sulfamoyl-3-aminobenzoic acid derivative
    more potent (50X)
    orally active
    quick onset of action (30min)
    short DOA (6h)
    SE: electrolyte and fluid imbalance, hypokalemia, hyperurecemia, ototoxicity, hypersensitivity    bumetanidediuretic loop diuretic 5-sulfamoyl-3-aminobenzoic acid derivative more potent (50X) orally active quick onset of action (30min)...
  128. 128—torsemide
    diuretic
    loop diuretic
    4-amino-3-pyridine-sulfonylurea derivative
    orally active
    quick onset of action (30min)
    short DOA (6h)
    SE: electrolyte and fluid imbalance, hypokalemia, hyperurecemia, less ototoxicity, hypersensitivity    torsemide diuretic loop diuretic 4-amino-3-pyridine-sulfonylurea derivative orally active quick onset of action (30min) short DOA (6h) SE...
  129. 129—ethacrynic acid
    diuretic
    loop diuretic
    phenoxyacetic acid derivative
    orally active
    quick onset of action (30min)
    short DOA (6h)
    SE: electrolyte and fluid imbalance, hypokalemia, hyperurecemia, greater ototoxicity, hypersensitivity, GI disturbances    ethacrynic acid diuretic loop diuretic phenoxyacetic acid derivative orally active quick onset of action (30min) short DOA (6h) SE: elect...
  130. 130—spironolactone
    diuretic
    potassium sparing agent
    aldosterone receptor antagonist
    steroid moiety
    orally active
    extensive first pass metabolism
    t 1/2= 1.4h
    short onset (17-72h)/long DOA(2-3d)
    SE: hyperkalemia, GI disturbances, steroid related (gynecomastia, breast tenderness...)    spironolactone diuretic potassium sparing agent aldosterone receptor antagonist steroid moiety orally active extensive first pass metabol...
  131. 131—canrenone
    diuretic
    potassium sparing agent
    aldosterone receptor antagonist
    steroid moiety
    orally active
    metabolite of spironolactone
    t 1/2=16.5 h
    SE: hyperkalemia, GI disturbances, steroid related (gynecomastia, breast tenderness...)    canrenone diuretic potassium sparing agent aldosterone receptor antagonist steroid moiety orally active metabolite of spironolactone t 1/...
  132. 132—canrenoic acid
    metabolite of canrenone
    inactive    canrenoic acid metabolite of canrenone inactive
  133. 133—elprenone
    diuretic
    potassium sparing agent
    aldosterone receptor antagonist
    steroid moiety
    orally active
    extensive first pass metabolism
    t 1/2= 5h
    short onset (17-72h)/long DOA(2-3d)
    SE: hyperkalemia, GI disturbances, steroid related (gynecomastia, breast tenderness...)    elprenone diuretic potassium sparing agent aldosterone receptor antagonist steroid moiety orally active extensive first pass metabolism t...
  134. 134—triamterene
    diuretic
    potassium sparing agent
    non-aldosterone receptor antagonist
    2,4,7-triamino-6-phenylpteridine
    active
    incomplete absorbtion
    extensive metabolism into active (20% excreted unchanged, 80% metabolised
    t 1/2= 4h
    SE: hyperkalemia, renal stones    triamterene diuretic potassium sparing agent non-aldosterone receptor antagonist 2,4,7-triamino-6-phenylpteridine active incomplete absor...
  135. 135—amiloride
    diuretic
    potassium sparing agent
    non-aldosterone receptor antagonist
    aminopyrazine or pyrazinoly guanidine
    active
    mostly charged
    incomplete absorbtion
    renal excretion unchanged
    t 1/2= 21h
    SE: hyperkalemia    amiloride diuretic potassium sparing agent non-aldosterone receptor antagonist aminopyrazine or pyrazinoly guanidine active mostly charge...
  136. 136—antodyneantodyne
  137. 137—apomorphineapomorphine
  138. 138—baclofenbaclofen
  139. 139—bromocriptine(parlodel)bromocriptine(parlodel)
  140. 140—carisoprodol(rela soma)carisoprodol(rela soma)
  141. 141—dantrolene sodium (dantrium)dantrolene sodium (dantrium)
  142. 142—diazepamdiazepam
  143. 143—mephenesinmephenesin
  144. 144—meprobamate (equanil)meprobamate (equanil)
  145. 145—pergolide (permax)pergolide (permax)
  146. 146—ropinirol (requip)ropinirol (requip)
  147. 147—S-Pramipexole (mixapex)S-Pramipexole (mixapex)

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FlashCards sobre med chem 2, criado por lola_smily em 11-02-2015.
Criado por
lola_smily
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