Flashcards
Air Navigation
Flashcards do conjunto (34)
- 1Air Navigation Definition Chapter 1science that includes all the necessary steps to conduct/move an
aircraft from one initial point to another final point in a safe and efficient manner. - 2Air Navigation Perspectives Chapter 1- Individual: Where I am? Fly torwards destination safe and efficiently
- Network: Whole traffic, guide, safe and efficiently. - 3Position Awareness.Determination and understanding of current position
- 4Lateral AwarenessUnderstanding a situation properly.
- 5Differences of Air Transport from other modes of transport- No ground infraestructure: more freedom. - Fuel limitation. - No stop: rely external aids. - Mean: Air: affect trajetory and performance. - High speeds: low time of responses. - CFIT
- 6CFITLoss of position awareness when poor visibility leads to flying unintentionally towards and object with fatal consequences.
- 7First Implemented NavaidLow Frequency Radiorange (LFR)
- 8Date: First Area Control CenterUnited States of America, 1935.
- 9Dead Reckoning Technique: Instruments- Chronometer. Time - Anemometer (IAS) - Compass (true track)
- 10Dead Reckoning Technique: Errors- Instruments: IAS instead of TAS the higher the altitude the bigger the difference. Magnetic deviation. - Wind: drift, not able to maintain same heading, and modification of speed. - Pilot errors: not keeping same speed and heading
- 11True North or Geographic NorthIntersection between the
axis of rotation of the Earth and its surface. Very stable, we consider it constant - 12Magnetic NorthResulting from the
behaviour of the Earth as a huge magnet. - 13Magnetic Declination / Magnetic VariationAngle on a plane between the bearing of a needle in a
magnetic compass and the True North - 14Difference between heading and trackHeading or rhumb: direction towards which the aircraft longitudinal axis is pointing (determined by TAS). Track: direction towards which the aircraft is flying with respect to the Earth
- 15Drift AngleAngle between TAS and GS
- 16Parameters Influencing Operations (Meteorology) Chapter 2- Wind: headwind for landing and take off, windshear (positive +L, negative -L), enroute tailwind.
- Visitibility -Temperature: Dew point
- Ice - Turbulences: Cumulonimbus
- Clouds: ceiling, type - 17METARMeteorological report of current weather situation at a given aerodrome.
- 18TAFORForecast of weather evolution in the vicinity of the aerdrome
- 19Annex regulating standard way to code METAR AND TAFORAnnex 3
- 20Z Flight Plans Y Flight PlansZ : starts as VFR later change to IFR
Y : starts as IFR later change to VFR - 21Where is defined VMC conditions in EuropeSERA: Single European Rules of Air articles 5001 and 5005
- 22VCM applied for the vicinity of an aerodrome, requires at least:- Minimum cloud ceiling (BKN or OVC) => 1500 ft AGL
- Visibility => 5000 m - 23Cloud ceilingBKN or OCV
- 24Amount of sky covered- FEW (1-2/8)
- SCT (Scattered) (3-4/8)
- BKN (Broken) (5-6-7/8)
- OVC (Overcast) (8/8) - 25Measures Included in LVP- Activation of stop bars
- Restriction of ground vehicles
- ATC specific procedures (e.g. one aircraft in the maneuvering area at a time) - 26What is altimetry?Determining the vertical position of the aircraft.
- 27How is the Dew Point defined?refers to the temperature at which with a given level of humidity, the air would
condensate. The closer the temperature is to the dew point, the more likely for poor visibility
to happen. - 28In which three perspectives severe thunderstorms can be impactful?- severe turbulence causing Structural damage in the plane and blocking the flight levels where the storm is located. -when on an airport, cause delays, loss of money, losing capacity of airport. - pretty difficult to predict
- 29Typical range of radioaltimeter2500 ft
- 30ISA temperature at the stratosphere.-56ºC = 216.15K. Same as in the tropopause
- 31A warmer atmosphere results in higher or lower pressures?Higher
- 32What is the value (in mb.) a pilot would introduce in the Kollsman’s window in QNE setting? and in QNH?The pilot introduces the pressure of reference in the Kollsman’s window, that is, when in QNE setting is always 1013mb and when in QNH setting is the QNH pressure retrieved from the METAR of the airport for that day.
- 33What are the two conditions we need to fulfill to define the transition level?- The transition level is the minimum available level every 500ft that complies with the
minimum - 1000ft width of the transition layer - 34What is an AIRPROX?It is a loss of separation between a couple of aircrafts.
Informações
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- 21/05/19 Aeropuertos FlashCards sobre Air Navigation , criado por Ana Castilla em 25-05-2020.
- Criado por
- Ana Castilla
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