Flashcards
The tripartite view
Flashcards do conjunto (45)
- 1S knows that p if and only ifS believes that p
P is true
S is justified in believing p - 2Define individually necessarySeeing wether we need each one by seeing if we need any
- 3Define jointly sufficentSeeing wether all three guarantees knowledge or wether there are some cases where you can have all three and still not have knowledge
- 4X is a necessary condition of y ifWithout x you cannot have y
- 5What does it mean if an element is necessaryWithout that element you could not have the thing in question
- 6Certain necessary Elements are called what if they always guarantee having the thing in questionSufficient
- 7X and y are sufficient conditions of Z ifThe occurrence of x and y guarantees the occurrence of Z
- 8Describe the correspondence theory of truthA belief is true if what it claims is the case, actually is the case. And if there is no corresponding with what the belief says , then it’s false
- 9Describe the coherence theory of truthBelief is true if it one of the web of beliefs held by a society to be true. This web of beliefs is internally coherent, with the beliefs supporting one another
- 10What arête two original gettier counter examplesSmith and jones
Brown in barcelona - 11Define gettier counter examplesThese involve a belief about something/someone luckily being true about someone/something else
- 12Define fake barn casesThe belief is about the correct subject, but the believer does not know that she is in an unusual context which makes her belief luckily true
- 13Describe infallibilismWe should only count as knowledge those things we cannot rationally doubt
- 14What did Descartes concludeHe could know that he existed as this was impossible to rationally doubt.
- 15What did Descartes call infallible beliefsClear and distinct ideas
- 16Beliefs only occur when....Doubt is possible
- 17Positives and negatives of infallibilism- is not open to getttier counter example s
- Accords with our intuition that knowledge involves a level of certainty - 18Why was the no false Lemmas theory devisedTo overcome Gettier counter examples by showing they were based on a false premises
- 19No false lemmas equationK= J+T+B+N ( where N = no false lemmas
- 20How did Lycan expand on the no false lemmas theoryHe devised the no essential false assumptions theory
- 21What is the no essential false assumptions theoryThe theory that rules out knowledge in cases not just involving false premises, but also hidden assumptions
- 22No false Lammas and fake barn casesThe idea of hidden assumptions are not plausible and there are no false lemmas
- 23What does William Lycan say about the false barn conclusion ( on the gettier problem problem )He agrees that in some fake barn style cases, the belief does not involve any essential false assumptions, but instead claims that these are cases of actual knowledge
- 24What does reliability seek to doReplace the idea that beliefs should be justified with the idea that beliefs should be formed by a reliable process
- 25How does reliability cope with Gettier counter examplesIt either redefined the process or adds the conditions of sensitivity to truth or relevant alternatives
- 26Where did reliabilism grow out ofAlvin Goldman’s casual theory of knowledge, high was developed as a reaction to gettier
- 27What is redefining the processIn both getter examples, the final belief is inferred from a false belief, so a reliability can say that this process was not reliable and isn’t a case of knowledge
- 28Criticisms of redefining the processAccurately classifying a token example into a general type of reliable process has provided a problem for the theory
- 29What is the no relevant alternatives componentGoldman himself, suggested we should only count a process as reliable if that process is able to distinguish between the truth and other relevant possibilities
- 30Goldman’s answer to fake barn casesSeeing objects generally is reliable but in an unusual context, fake barn county, would Barney have been able to distinguish between seeing the real barn and a relative alternative - no, then this isn’t knowledge
- 31What is the challenge with relative alternativeHow do you decide what counts as a relevant alternative for the purpose of classifying a process as reliable
- 32Robert nozicks sensitivity conditionIf p were false s would not believe that p
- 33Are j and r the sameJustifications are internal and reliable processes are external
- 34Arguments in factoid for replacing j with r (2)- it provides an account of how animals have knowledge
- justification is quite vague. Reliabilism gives a simple answer : a belief is sufficiently justified if it is caused by a reliable process - 35Arguments against replacing j with r- the two aren’t the same thing - BIV/NORM
- the reliabilist account of justification is circular - 36What does virtue epistemologyKnowledge is a true belief brought about by a virtuous intellectual disposition
- 37What is an epistemically virtueThe tendency to use reliable processes
- 38Who created the triple a ratingErnest sosa
- 39AccuracyA true one, wether the arrow hits the target
- 40AdroitnessFormed in the basis of intellectual virtue
- 41AptnessA true, adroit belief that is true because it is adroit
- 42V+t+b and fake barnsBarney does have knowledge as his belief is AAA, sosa claims that this is animal knowledge
- 43What is animal knowledgeThe sort that non-human animals can have
- 44What is human ( reflective ) knowledgeKnowledge that requires the ability to reflect on your belief,
- 45What are criticisms of virtue epistemologySosa is trying to define knowledge as what it should be, instead of actually say what it is.
Informações
- Descrição
- AS level Philosophy FlashCards sobre The tripartite view, criado por Madelaine Baines em 18-01-2021.
- Criado por
- Madelaine Baines
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