Flashcards
Chapter 1 flashcards
Flashcards do conjunto (50)
- 1AdaptationAre behavior that help an organism survive and reproduce in a particular enviroment.
- 2AtomIs the smallest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element.
- 3Autotrophan organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
- 4Binomial systembiologists used to provide a unique scientific name for each formof life, which consists of the genus and species.
- 5BiologyThe study of life.
- 6Biosphereincludes all life on Earth and the nonliving portions of Earth that support life.
- 7Cellis the basic unit of life.
- 8Cell theorystates that all living organisms are compossed of cells and are fundamental to the study of biology.
- 9CommunityIs formed by populations of different species that live in the same area and interact with one another.
- 10ConclusionExperiments produce results that either support or refute the hypothesis, reach a conclusion about the hypothesis is valid or not.
- 11ControlAll possible variables are held constant.
- 12Deductive reasoningStarts with a well-supported generalization such as a scientific theory and uses it to generate hypotheses about how a specific experiment or observation will turn out.
- 13Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNAMolecules contained in each cell of organism can be compared to an architectural blueprint or a detailed instruction manual for lfe.
- 14DomainBacteria, Archaea and Eukarya.
- 15EcosystemConsists of a community and the nonliving environment that sorrounds it.
- 16ElementSubstances that cannot be broken down or converted to a simpler substance.
- 17EukayorticCells are extremely complex and contain a variety of organelles, many of which are sorrounded by membranes.
- 18EvolutionIs the process by which modern organisms have descended from earlier and different forms of life.
- 19ExperimentThe prediction is tested by carefully designed additional observations or carefull controlled manipulations.
- 20ExtinctionThe complete elimination of forms of life.
- 21GeneWhich are the segments of DNA, are the basic units of heredity.
- 22HeterotrophCannot photosynthesize and so they rely on the bodies of other organisms for food.
- 23HypothesisIs a proposed explanation for the phenomenon, often based on limited evidence.
- 24Inductive reasoningThe process of creating a broad generalization based on many observations that support it and none that contradict it.
- 25KingdomThree major subdivisions, which are fungi, plants, and animals.
- 26MoleculeAtoms may combine in specific ways.
- 27MulticellularComposed of many cells.
- 28MutationChanges in genes, such as those caused by these rando copying errors, can aslo result from damage to DNA.
- 29Natural lawA basic principle derrived from the study of nature that has never been disproven by scientific inquiry.
- 30Natural selectionIs the process by which organisms with certain inherited traits survive and reproduce better than others in a given enviroment.
- 31NucleusA membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the cell's DNA.
- 32ObservationScientific inquiry begins with an observation of a specific phenomenon.
- 33OrganDifferent types of tissues, in turn, unite to form functional units, such as the entire stomach.
- 34Organ systemThe grouping of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific body functions.
- 35OrganelleStructures specialized to carry out specific functions such as helping to synthesize large molecules, disgesting food molecules, or obtain energy.
- 36Organisman individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
- 37PhotosynthesisCertain organisms directly capture and store solar energy using a process.
- 38Plasma membraneAll cells are sorrounded by a thin sheet of molecules.
- 39PopulationA group of the same type of organism inhabiting the same area.
- 40PredictionIs the expectd outcome of testing if the hypothesis is correct.
- 41ProkaryoticCells are far simpler and generally much smaller than eukaryotic cells, and they lack organelles enclosed by membranes.
- 42QuestionAfter careful study of earlier investigations, conversations with colleauges, and often after long, hard thought, a hypothesis is formed.
- 43ScienceAs the systematic inquiry-through observation and experiment-into the origins, structure, and behavior of our living and nonliving surroundings.
- 44Scientific methodThis consists of six interrelated elements: observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment and conclusion.
- 45Scientific theoryIs a general and reliable explanation of important natural phenomena that has been developed through extensive and reproducible observations and experiments.
- 46SpeciesConsists of all organisms that are similar enough to interbreed, no matter where they are found.
- 47Spontaneous generationThe emerge of life from nonliving matter.
- 48TissueCells of a similar type combine.
- 49UnicellularA single cell.
- 50VariableIs manipulated to test the hypothesis that this variable is the cause of an observation.
