Flashcards
Intuition deduction thesis
Flashcards do conjunto (16)
- 1Essentially, what are the four rules descartes intends us to follow to seek truth ( discourse)1 accept only beliefs that can be recognised clearly and distinctly to be true
2 break down every problem into the smallest parts
3 build up the arguments systematically in the right order
4 carefully check through to ensure no steps are left out - 2What is the axiomatic systemA system, Euclid set out in the elements, in which all the propositions are derived from a small set of initial axioms and definitions, which in turn are thought to be self- evident.
- 3Descartes on the axiomatic system“ these long chains of perfectly simple and easy reasonings by means of which geometers are accustomed to Cary out their most difficult demonstrations had led me to fancy that everything that can fall under human knowledge forms a similar sequence”
- 4What is the cogito“I am thinking, therefore I exist”
- 5Descartes on applying his cogitio reasoning on all his doubts“ i now seem able to lay it down as a general rule that whatever I perceive very clearly and distinctly is true “
- 6What are clear and distinct ideas“ i call a perception ‘clear’ when it is present and accessible to the attentive mind” “ i call a perception ‘distinct’ if, as well as being clear, it is so sharply separated from all other perceptions, that it contains within itself only what is clear “
- 7Criticism on descartes use- not clear and distinct enough
- quick generalisation
- only internal criteria for truth
- can we be sure clear and distinct ideas are true - 8What is the criticism that descartes isn’t clear and distinct enoughLater thinkers such as leibniz, criticised descartes use of ‘ clear and distinct’ suggesting a more detailed account of these terms is needed if they are to be usefully applied as a criterion for turn.
- 9What Is the quick generalisation criteria for truthAlthough one belief may be knowable because it can be grasped clearly and distinctly, this can hardly be a sound basis on which conclude that any belief grasped in this way must also be true
- 10Criticisms of descartes internal criteriaIn general, what makes a belief true or false is not how strongly you believe it,but how the belief related to the world outside your head. Under descartes clear and distinct system, there is no need to check the judgement against any corresponding fact
- 11The cogito as an exemption to the worl outsideWe can know the cogito is true just by examining the belief itself.it might be termed self verifying and an exception to the external world criteria
- 12Can we be sure clear and distinct ideas are true?Descartes concludes “ whatever I perceive clearly and distinctly is true “ must be true because a good god would not make a being whose clearest and most distinct thoughts are false. This approach has been known to make the fundamental Cartesian circle error. It is also criticised for relying on the supernatural
- 13What does descartes call intuitions and deductions“ actions of the intellect by means of which we are able to arrive at a knowledge of things with no fear of being mistaken”
- 14What does descartes mean by intuition“ the conception of a clear and attentive mind, which is so easy and distinct that there can be no room for doubt about what we are understanding “ - the ability to behold intellectual objects and grasp basic truths
- 15What does descartes describe deduction as“ the inference of something as following necessarily from some other propositions which are known with certainty “
- 16What is the intuition and deduction thesisThe two operations of the mind, intuition and deduction, if used in accordance with his method, will enable the truth to be reached in any field of knowledge.
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- AS level Philosophy FlashCards sobre Intuition deduction thesis , criado por Madelaine Baines em 05-04-2021.
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- Madelaine Baines
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