Flashcards
Week 2
Flashcards do conjunto (35)
- 1Deviance can have positive benefits.True
- 2Durkheim argues deviance is not critical to society.False, deviance is critical to society.
- 3Crime is normal.True
- 4Structural Functionalismit is not normal by norms, values, or laws
- 5Crime allows change to shape the form of society.True.
- 6Blocked Opportunity StructurePeople cannot attain their goal legitimately
- 7What are two important elements of social and cultural structures?1. Culturally defined goals, purposes, and interests, held out as legitimate objectives for all or for certain members of society.
2. Defines, regulates, and controls the acceptable modes of reaching out for these goals. - 8Anomienormlessness; society becomes unstable
- 9What are three culture axioms?1. Everyone should strive for the same goals since they are open to all.
2. Present seeming failure is but a way-station to ultimate success.
3. Genuine failure consists only in the lessening or withdrawal of ambition. - 10What are the types of individual adaptation?Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, and Rebellion
- 11ConformityAccepts both cultural goals and institutionalized means (+,+)
- 12InnovationAssimilated the culture goal without assimilation institutionalized means
(+,-) - 13RitualismRejection of cultural goals and acceptance of institutionalized means. (-,+)
- 14RetreatismRejection of both culture goals and institutionalized means. (-,-)
- 15Rebellionrejection of prevailing values and substitution of news values in both culture goals and institutionalized means (+-,+-)
- 16Differential AssociationStates crime is learned in much the same way as all ordinary behavior and represents the expression of the same behavior needs and values as other behavior.
- 17Criminal behavior is learned.True, one can conclude it is not inherited.
- 18Criminal behavior is not learned in interaction with other persons in a process of communication.False; criminal behavior is learned while interaction with others.
- 19The principal part of the learning of criminal behavior occurs within intimate personal groups.True; this also includes social media such as movies and newspapers.
- 20What does learning include when criminal behavior is learned?1. techniques of committing the crime (complicated or simple)
2. the specific direction of motive, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes. - 21The specific direction of motives and drives is learned from _____.definitions of the legal codes as favorable or unfavorable.
- 22How does a person becomes delinquent?With an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law.
- 23Does differential associations vary?Yes, from frequency, duration, priority, and intensity.
- 24Criminal behavior can be learned through the process of imitation.True.
- 25Control theoryArgue that an individual's bond to society is weak or broken.
- 26What are the elements of the bond?Attachment, Commitment, Involvement, Belief
- 27AttachmentIf an individual has a strong attachment with another important individual, they are less likely to be criminal.
- 28CommitmentIf the organization of society is such that the interests of most persons would be endangered if they were to engage in criminal acts.
- 29InvolvementIf an individual is involvement in the community or in school, they are less likely to engaged in criminal behavior because of the lack of time.
- 30BeliefIf an individual has strong religious beliefs, they are less likely to engage in criminal acts.
- 31Feminist TheoryPoints out that most theories pertain to males and not females.
- 32Girls and delinquency1.Girls are more vulnerable to physical and sexual abuse in home than boys.
2. Girls are more likely to runaway.
3. Girls are more likely to have sexual behavior patterns. - 33Constructionist PerspectiveIt recognizes that people can only understand the world in terms of words and categories that they create and share with one another.
- 34Advantages of studying social problems1. Constructionists had the field virtually to themselves.
2. Flexible - 35What theories emerged the constructionist approach?The labeling and conflict theories