Flashcards
US Government Key Terms: Federalism and the Constitution
Flashcards do conjunto (29)
- 1Necessary and Proper ClauseGives congress the authority to pass all laws that are necessary and proper to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the constitution.
- 2Enumerated PowersPowers of the national government specifically granted to congress.
- 3Categorical GrantsGrants that appropriates federal fund to states for a specific purpose.
- 4Block GrantsLarge grant given to a state by the federal government with only general spending guidelines.
- 5Extradition ClauseRequires states to return criminals to states where they have been convicted or face trial.
- 6Full Faith & Credit ClauseEnsures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other case.
- 7Supremacy ClauseMandate that national law is supreme to (supersedes) all other laws passed by the states or by any other subdivision of government.
- 8Privileges and Imunities Clauseguarantees that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states.
- 9Dillon's RuleAll local governments do not have inherent sovereignty rather they must be authorized by state governments.
- 10Interstate CompactsContracts between states that carry the force of law. Used as a tool to address multi state policy concerns.
- 11Unfunded MandatesAct to prevent congress from passing costly federal programs with costs passed to states. No money up front. Do it to our standards.
- 12Direct DemocracyMember of the polity meet to discuss all policy decisions and the agree to abide by majority rule.
- 13DemocracyGives power to the people whether directly or through elected representatives.
- 14CharterA document (like constitution) that specifies the basic policies, procedures, and institutions of local governments must be approved by state legislature.
- 15FederalismNational and state governments share power and derive all authority from the people.
- 16MonarchyPower is vested in hereditary kings and queens who govern in the interest of all.
- 17Great CompromiseDecision created a 2 house legislature. Lower house elected by people. Powers divided between 2 houses. Made the national law supreme.
- 185th AmendmentRestrictions on federal government.
Rights for suspected criminals.
Indictment by a grand jury and protection against self -incrimination. Federal government cannot deny a person life, liberty or property without process of the law. Federal Government cannot take property without fair compensation. - 19ConstitutionDistributes power. The separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches of government.
- 2014th Amendment1. Citizenship to all freed slaves.
2. Barred states from saying 'the privileges or immunities of citizenship'
3. No depriving anyone of life, liberty or property.
4. Equal Protection Clause - 21Equal Protection ClauseProhibits states from denying any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.
- 22Anti-FederalistsDid not want ratification of the Constitution. Small farmers, shop-keepers, laborers. Democracy for the 'common man' wanted individual rights and wanted participatory democracy. Strong state government. Wanted small electoral districts, frequent elections, referendum, recall, wanted large unicameral legislature. Anti-British, Pro-French.
- 23FactionsA small, organized, dissenting group within a larger one.
- 24Failure of Articles of ConfederationFailed to provide for a strong central government. Congress wasn't allowed to regulate commerce. Unable to tax (due to opposition). Couldn't assemble 9 states due to too much disagreement. No executive branch.
- 25TotalitarianismPower resides in a leader who rules according to self-interest and without regard for individual rights and freedom.
- 26OligarchyRule by few participation in government is dependent on wealth, social status, military positions etc.
- 278th AmendmentExcessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted.
- 28Earmarks/ Programmatic RequestsFederal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional system.
- 29FederalistsProperty owners, landed rich, merchants of NE and Mid Atlantic. Elitists that saw themselves as most fit to govern. Powerful central government, 2 house legislature. Upper house 6 year term. Pro-British, Anti-French.
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- test 1 American National Goverment FlashCards sobre Sem título, criado por Connie Jara em 22-02-2016.
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- Connie Jara
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