Flashcards
Mechanism of action
Flashcards do conjunto (32)
- 1AciclovirConverted to triphosphate form which completely inhibits viral DNA polymerase and stops the growing viral DNA chain and inactivates viral DNA polymerase
- 2AspirinInhibits prostaglandin synthesis, resulting in analgesia. Reduces fever by acting on the brain's heat regulating centre to promote vasodilation and sweating
- 3BenzophenoneAbsorbs UV-A UV rays, preventing them from reaching the skin
- 4ChloramphenicolReversibly binds to 5OS ribosomal subunits of susceptible organisms preventing amino acid transferring to growing peptide chains which inhibit protein synthesis
- 5ChlorphenamineBinds to the histamine H1 receptor blocking the action of endogenous histamine leading to temporary relief of negative symptoms brought on by histamine
- 6CiprofloxacinInhibits the enzyme topoisomerase II and IV which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination
- 7ClotrimazoleInhibits ergosterol synthesis, resulting in increased cellular permeability. Also inhibits the transformation of yeasts to mycelial forms
- 8CodeineBinds to the mu receptors in brain which are responsible for transmitting pain signals. Has a much weaker affinity than morphine.
- 9Cyclophosphamide1. Attaches to alkyl groups to DNA bases so DNA becomes fragmented
2. DNA damaged by cross-link formation
3. Induction of misfiring nucleotides which leads to mutations - 10DiclofenacInhibits prostaglandin synthesis by interfering with the action of prostaglandin synthetase.
- 11DoxorubicinForms complexes with DNA by intercalation between base pairs and inhibits topoisomerase II activity by stabilising the DNA-topoisomerase II complex
- 12EtoposideInhibits DNA topoisomerase II therefore inhibits DNA re-ligation and DNA synthesis
- 13Ferrous sulphateReplaces the iron stores found in haemoglobin in RBC, myoglobin and other heme enzymes in the body
- 14FlucanazoleInteracts with 14-alpha-demethylase and P-450 enzymes to convert lanosterol to ergosterol resulting in increased cellular permeability, causing leakages of cellular contents
- 15Folic acidConverted to tetrahydrofolic acid and methyltetrahydrofolate by dihydrofolate reductase in order to maintain normal erythropoiesis
- 16Fucidic acidInterferes with bacterial protein synthesis, specifically by preventing the translocation of the elongation factor G from the ribosome
- 17GentamicinIrreversibly binds to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome interrupting protein synthesis
- 18HyoscineInterferes with the transmission of nerve impulses by acetylcholine in the parasympathetic nervous system
- 19HydrocortisoneInhibits the formation, storage and release of histamine from mast cells (type of WBC) which reduces the effect of an allergic reaction
- 20IbuprofenInhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) which decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins involved in mediating inflammation, pain, fever and swelling
- 21IsotretinoinReduces the production of sebum and shrinks the sebaceous glands. Also reduces inflammation in moderate-severe acne. Believed to alter DNA transcription
- 22LoratadineCompetes with free histamine and exhibits specific, selective peripheral H1 antagonistic activity. This blocks the action endogenous histamine, reading to temporary relief of negative symptoms (nasal congestion, watery eyes)
- 23LidocaineBlocks voltage-gated sodium channels in the cell membrane of post-synaptic neurons, preventing depolarisation and inhibiting the generation and propagation of nerve impulses
- 24MebendazoleSelectively inhibits the synthesis of microtubules in parasitic worms and destroying cytoplasmic microtubules in their intestinal cells therefore blocking the uptake of glucose and other nutrients leading to death
- 25MorphineInhibits GABA inhibitory interneurons, which normally inhibit descending pain inhibition pathway, therefore without inhibitory signals, pain modulation proceeds downwards
- 26NaproxenInhibit cyclooxyrgenase activity, inhibition of COX-1 associated with normal GI and renal function while inhibition of COX-2 produces anti-inflammatory activity
- 27PseudoephedrineActs directly on alpha and beta adrenergic receptors which provides vasoconstriction. Also relaxes bronchial smooth muscles by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors
- 28ParacetamolInhibits enzyme which is responsible for formation of prostaglandins (COX). In the CNS, inhibition of these enzymes reduces concentrations of prostaglandins which help reduce fever
- 29PethidinePrimarily a kappa-opiate receptor agonist and has local anaesthetic effects
- 30PropamidineInserts itself between successive bases in bacterial DNA causing genetic mutation
- 31TerbinafineInhibits squalene monooxygenase therefore blocking the biosynthesis of ergosterol, an important component of fungal cell membranes
- 32VincristineAnti-tumour activity primarily due to the inhibition of mitosis at metaphase through its interaction with tubular. It may also interfere with amino acid cyclic AMP and glutathione metabolism.
Informações
- Descrição
- Masters Degree Pharmacy (Logbook) FlashCards sobre Mechanism of action , criado por Alyssa B em 31-03-2016.
- Criado por
- Alyssa B · mar 2016
- Atualizado
- 17 ago 2017
- Visualizações
- 128
- Avaliação