O GoConqr está de visual novo! Conte para nós o que você achou.

Registre-se grátis

Flashcards

NoSQL

Abolanle Sule Inglês 83 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (83)

  1. 1Big data embodies new data characteristics created by today's ------digitized marketplace.
  2. 2What are the characteristics of Big Data? the Vs........Volume - Data@Scale
    Variety -Data In many forms
    Velocity - Data in motion
    Veracity- Data Uncertainty
  3. 3We are in the age of ------- data?Zettabyte
  4. 4data sets with sizes beyond the ability of commonly used software tools to capture, curate, manage, and process the data within a tolerable elapsed timeBig Data
  5. 5Data volume is increasing ------exponentially
  6. 6What are the challenges in handling Big data?- Technology
    - Technical Skills.
  7. 7What was the problem of the traditional system?Time required to copy data across multiple systems.
  8. 8What are the requirements for a new approach?Partial failure support.
    Data recoverability.
    Component recoverability.
    Consistency.
    Scalability.
  9. 9What was the radical approach to the problem of distributed computing?Google's Hadoop Framework
  10. 10Concepts of Hadoop?High-level-Code
    Shared Nothing Architecture
    Data shared in advance of computation.(64MB/128MB) per block
  11. 11If a node is running slow the master can redundantly execute another instance, this is know as --------?Speculative Execution.....
    The results from first to finish will be used.
  12. 12RDBMS were not designed for distributed systems, mention 2 multi-node DB solution for scaling out/ horizontal scaling?- Master-Slave,
    - Sharding.
  13. 13What are the other ways to scale RDBMS?Multi-Master Replication
    Insert Only, no Updates/Deletes
    No Joins (De-normalization)
    In-Memory Databases.
  14. 14What is NoSQL?Stands for "Not Only SQL"
  15. 15What are the characteristics of NoSQL DBs?Non- relational DBs
    No fixed table schema
    No join concepts
    Relax one/more of ACID properties.
  16. 16SQL Join combines -----records from two/more tables in a database.
  17. 17Mention 4 types of Joins?Inner Join
    Outer Join
    Right Join
    Left Join
  18. 18Horizontal Scaling means -----you scale by adding more machines to your pool of resources.
  19. 19Vertical Scaling means -----that you scale by adding more power (CPU, RAM, etc.) to your existing machine.
  20. 20Give an example of vertical scaling ?MySQL-Amazon RDS -
    (The cloud version of MySQL)
    provides an easy way to scale vertically by switching from small to bigger machines, but this process often involves downtime.
  21. 21What is ACID?Is a set of properties that you would like to hold when modifying a database via a transaction.
  22. 22ACID means?Atomicity
    Consistency
    Isolation
    Durability
  23. 23Atomicity means ----that you can guarantee that all of a transaction happens, or none of it does.
  24. 24Consistency means ----that you can guarantee that your data will be consistent.
  25. 25Isolation means ------that one transaction cannot read data from another transaction that is not yet completed.
  26. 26Durability means -----that once a transaction is complete, it is guaranteed that all of the changes have been recorded to a durable medium (such as a hard disk), and the fact that the transaction has been completed is likewise recorded.
  27. 27RDMS has problem with ----- data?Unstructured and Semi-Structured data.
  28. 28The CAP theorem states that there are ----- basic requirements which exist in a special relation when designing applications for a distributed architecture.3
  29. 29Consistency - This means that ----the data in the database remains consistent after the execution of an operation.
  30. 30Availability - This means that ----the system is always on (Service guarantee availability), no downtime.
  31. 31Partition Tolerance - This means that -----the system continues to function even if the communication among the servers is unreliable.
  32. 32Generally, ----------- to fulfill all three requirements in a distributed system.it is not be possible
  33. 33Distributed systems must be -------, so we have to choose between Consistency and Availability.partition tolerant (P)
  34. 34A network partition can occur when a -------------- causes a collection of nodes to be divided into two sub-collections that are isolated from each other.network failure
  35. 35What are features of RDMS?- Structured and organized data
    - Structured query language (SQL)
    - Data and its relationships are stored in separate tables.
    - Data Manipulation Language, Data Definition Language
    - Tight Consistency
    - ACID Transaction
  36. 36What are the features of NoSQL?NoSQL
    - Stands for Not Only SQL
    - No declarative query language
    - No predefined schema
    - Variants - Key-Value Pair Store, Column Store, Document Store, Graph Store
    - Eventual consistency rather ACID property
    - Unstructured and unpredictable data
    - CAP Theorem
    - Prioritizes high performance, high availability and scalability
  37. 37Mention the different types of NoSQL DBs?Key-Value Systems -DynamoDB.
    Document-based Systems -Mongo/Couch.
    Column-based Systems -BigTable/Casandra.
    Graph-based Systems -Neo4j,G-Pregel.
    Multi-Model Systems- OrientDB
  38. 38KVP basic operations include ------Insert(key,value)
    Fetch(key)
    Update(key)
    Delete(key).
  39. 39In KV pair the --- is responsible for understanding the data stored, as a blob?application
  40. 40Dynamo uses -----on key to generate a 128 bit identifier to determine the storage node?MD5 hash
  41. 41What is the data model for Document-based Systems?(key, document)
    - just like KV but value is now document.
  42. 42What are the basic operation for Document Systems?Insert (key, document)
    Fetch(key)
    Update(key)
    Delete(key)
  43. 43Unlike KV pair both the key and document are ---- in document-based?fully searchable
  44. 44Column-based are also known as -------Wide -Column Stores
  45. 45What is the lowest/smallest instance, that is a tuple & contains a name, a value and a timestamp, in Wide Column Model.The Column.
  46. 46This type of data store is good for -----Distributed data storage, especially versioned data because of the time-stamps.
  47. 47What are the data models for graph based systems?Nodes and Edges.
  48. 48In Graph databases, index-free adjacency means.....?This means that every element contains a direct pointer to its adjacent element and no index lookups are necessary
  49. 49There is no universal query language like ---- in Nosql databases.SQL
  50. 50Each NoSQL product does things ---------differently
  51. 5140+ years versus 6+ yearsRelational databases are very mature
  52. 52------ is a class of modern RDMS that seeks to provide the same scalable performance of NoSQL systems for online transaction?NewSQL as used by by 451 Group.
  53. 53A software framework for storing, processing, and analyzing “big data”Apache Hadoop
  54. 54Problems of the traditional RDBMS areHuge data.
    Difficult to coding in parallel computing env.
    It take longer time to copy data across.
  55. 55Requirements for the new system.....The system must support partial failure.
    If a component fails, then recovers,its should be able to rejoin d system wtout restarting entire system.
    Component failure should affect job result.
    Easy Scalability.
  56. 56Concepts of Hadoop -----------Application written in high-level code
    Shared Nothing Architecture
    Data is spread among machines in advance.
    Data split in blocks of 64MB/128MB
    Map tasks works on single block.
    Master node reassign work to another node in case of failure.
  57. 57What can you do with Hadoop?Business Intelligence
    Advanced Analytic
    Applications
    Data Processing & Storage.
  58. 58Where does the data comes from?Science
    Industry
    Legacy
    System Data
  59. 59Common Analysis with Hadoop include-----Text Mining
    Sentiment Analysis
    Prediction Models
    Pattern Recognition
    Graph Creation & Analysis
    Index Building
    Risk Assessment
    Collaborative Filtering
  60. 60Nature of Data are --------Velocity-speed
    Volume-quantity
    Variety -different
    Veracity -doubt
  61. 61What are the 2 core components of Hadoop?The HDFS ----store data on cluster
    MapReduce ----process data on cluster
  62. 62Mention other projects based around Hadoop -also referred to as Hadoop Ecosystem?Hive
    Pig
    Flume
    HBase
    Sqoop
    Oozie
  63. 63HDFS is written in java, based on Google's GFS & sits on top of native FS such asext3, ext4 or xfs
  64. 64---- is the Hadoop database?Hbase
  65. 65Flume is a service to -----move large amount of data in real time/ to hdfs.
  66. 66Spark is a fast, general engine for -----large scale data processing on cluster.
    Its faster than MapReduce
    Good for iterative Algorithms
    Can hold data in RAM
    Support Python,Java,Scala
    Real time streaming
  67. 67Hive is ----SQL-like ,
    uses jdbc & odbc
  68. 68Pig Latin is ----data flow language,
    uses PigServer / javaAPI
  69. 69Oozie is a -----work flow engine for MapReduce jobs.
  70. 70Mahout is -----Machine learning library written in java.
  71. 71A ------ is a program running on a node?daemon
  72. 72Name the 3 main properties of Distributed Systems?Consistency
    Availability
    Partition Tolerance.
  73. 73All nodes have up-to-date view of data......Consistency.
  74. 74Every request receives a response ......Availability.
  75. 75System will continue to function if partitions are isolated from each other .....Partition Tolerance.
  76. 76Explain the ACID principle based on CAP theorem used for relational DBs transactions.Atomicity - all or nothing.
    Consistency - data always in valid state
    Isolation-concurrent trans. are isolated
    Durability-once completed changes are permanent.
  77. 77Nosql supports BASE instead of ACID...What is BASE?Basically Available Soft-state Eventual Consistency.
  78. 78You must have at most ---- of the CAP properties for any shared data system.2
  79. 79-------- is a common characteristics of most NOSQL storage systems?No Schema
  80. 80What is Data Model?Data Model -- collection of concepts for describing data.
  81. 81What is a schema?A schema --description of a particular collection of data, using a given data model.
  82. 82What are the steps in Database Design?Requirements Analysis
    Conceptual Design
    Logical Design
    Schema Refinement
    Physical Design
    Security Design.
  83. 83—

Informações

Descrição
FlashCards sobre NoSQL, criado por Abolanle Sule em 22-02-2017.
Criado por
Abolanle Sule
Visualizações
16
Avaliação

Fale Conosco

Sobre o que é sua mensagem?

O que você acha do novo visual?

Você gostou?