Flashcards
Settlement site and situation: types and factors
Flashcards do conjunto (15)
- 1SettlementA place where people live. E.g. hamlet, village, town or city
- 2SiteThe land on which a settlement is built.
- 3SituationA settlements location relative to its surroundings.
- 4ShapeThe arrangement of buildings within a settlement.
- 5Dispersed settlementsWhen buildings are spread out. There is usually no obvious centre.
- 6Nucleated settlementsWhen buildings are grouped closely together. They often form at crossroads or route centre
- 7Linear settlementsWhen buildings are either side of a road, in a line.
- 8Bridging pointSettlements often grew where rivers could be easily crossed. Many large cities were originally sited at the lowest bridging point (the nearest point to the sea that could be bridged). Examples include London and Exeter.
- 9Junction of valleys and gaps through hillsSome settlements grew up on the junction of valleys due to it being easier to build on and more accessible than the surrounding hills. There would have also been a river, providing a source of water.
- 10Wet-point siteSettlements often located close to rivers, lakes or springs (providing a water source and a transportation route).
- 11Aspect and shelterIn the northern hemisphere, south-facing slopes receive more sun than the north-facing slopes and are, therefore, warmer.
- 12ResourcesEarly settlers relied on timber for both fuel and building materials. A site close to woodland was therefore an advantage. Stone was also used for building, so proximity to a quarry was also useful. During the Industrial Revolution, coal was in great demand as a power source for factories. Many mining towns sprang up on the coalfields of northern England.
- 13Dry-point siteSettlements often grew above the flood plain to avoid building on unstable land and flooding. The city of Ely in Cambridgeshire was originally built on a slightly higher area of land surrounded by marshland.
- 14Higher groundCenturies ago, selecting a site for defence purposes was very important. A castle was often built on high ground overlooking the surrounding countryside. This is the case in Edinburgh.
- 15Flat LandIt’s easier to build on, and is more accessible.
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- FlashCards sobre Sem título, criado por Daniel Lane em 28-02-2017.
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