Flashcards
Families & Households - Childhood
Flashcards do conjunto (23)
- 1What is a Cross Culture?Cross culture is when we compare two cultures looking at similarities and differences, in this instance we are focused on childhood
- 2What did Punch study in 2001?- Studied rural Bolivia
- Children are 5 they are expected to work both in the community and society without hesitation. - 3What did Holmes study in 1974?- Studied a Somoan village
- Found that being “too young” was never a reason for not permitting children to undertake a particular task
- If a child thinks they can handle it parents will not stop them. - 4What did Firth study in 1970?- Studied Tikopia
- Found that doing what you are told is a concession given by a child not a right to be expected by an adult. - 5What did Malinowski study in 1957?Studied the Trobriand islanders
- Found that adults took a tolerance and bemused interest towards children’s sexual explorations - 6Middle ages view of childhood?Childhood did not exist
Children were regarded as little adults and were treated as such
- Would work, dress and behave like adults - 716th-18th century view of Childhood?The concept of childhood as separate from adulthood began to develop
- Rich and privileged children went to school to be educated
- Poor children would work in a factory due to the industrial revolution (making child labour widespread) - 819th century view of childhood?- The Factory Acts banned the employment of children in mines and factories
- By the end of the century state education was compulsory in most European countries - 920th-21st century view of childhood?- Separate degrees of childhood have been established e.g. tweenager, teenager, youth
- There has been a development of experts specialising in children e.g. child psychologists, paediatricians - 10What does Aries argue?Aries argues the 20th century is the century of the child. Children have become an economic liability. A downside to this is they have lost their independence
- 11What does the March of Progress view?- The position of children in western societies has improved and is now better than it has ever been.
- In society today childhood is a special time of life
- Children are fundamentally different from adults. - 12What did Pilcher study in 1995?- The most important feature of childhood is separateness
- Childhood is seen as a clear and distinct life stage in which children enjoy a separate status from adults
- Agrees that it is now a "Golden age of childhood". - 13Criticisms of Aries?- Underestimates the difference between adults and children in Medieval Europe. e.g Laws did exist that prohibited the under 12’s getting married.
- Based on ‘the analysis of images of children in historical sources’ therefore it may be criticised for being unreliable. - 14What changes have occurred in society that improve the position of children?- Laws to restrict behaviour
- Decline in family size
- Compulsory education
- Child protection and welfare
- Specialist medical care for children
- Falling IMR - 15What did Womack study in 2011?- British children are said to be the unhappiest in the west.
- Family break down is the cause of considerable childhood angst.
-1 /3 of British 16 year olds live away from their biological parents
- Increase in obesity, substance abuse and anti-social behaviour. - 16What does Gittens argue?- Age patriarchy, meaning the idea that adults control and oppress children due to their superiority based on age potentially causing tension and angst.
- 17What does Wendy Stainton Rogers argue?That there are two different images of children in 20th century Europe
1.The innocent and wholesome child
2.The wicked and sinful child - 18What is an "innocent and wholesome child"?A child that is:
- They are seen as happy and joyous.
- Protected from adulthood world such as violence and worries. - 19What is a "wicked and sinful child"?Children that should be restrained, regulated and disciplined.
- 20What is the Welfare View?- Children should be protected from harm and abuse
- Provided housing, food & clothing
- Have a right to healthcare & Education
- Loved and cared for
- Allowed to develop - 21What is the Control View?- Laws in place to stop them partaking in activities.e.g. age of consent.
- Forbidden in certain areas alone.
- Stranger danger & Road safety
- Routines – time to get up, go to bed
- What children wear, walk and talk.
- Child benefit goes to parent not child
Neglect and abuse - 22What are the two opposing views on how adults should care for children?1. The Welfare View
2. The Control View - 23What did the Children's Act of 1989 do?- Highlights children's rights.
- Identifies parental responsibilities to their child
1. Safeguard and promote the child’s health, development and welfare
2. Provide the child with appropriate direction and guidance
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- FlashCards sobre Families & Households - Childhood, criado por molly kelly em 23-03-2017.
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- molly kelly
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