Flashcards
Development References
Flashcards do conjunto (44)
- 1Foucault, 1990Discourse and discursive processes; point of resistance and starting point for opposition
- 2Said, 1978Orientalism can be discussed and analysed as the corporate institution for dealing with the Orient – dealing with it by making statements about it, authorizing views of it, describing it, teaching about it, settling it, ruling over it: in short, Orientalism as a Western style for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient
- 3Escobar, 1995Making of the third world. Henry Truman’s first address describes half of the world as living in poverty and that it is the USA’s job/duty to alleviate them and help them
- 4Ferguson, 1994Development is an anti-politics machine. Dialectical relationship between discourse and critique depoliticises it.
- 5Bell, Staeheli, 2001Democratization as process between scholars and policy-analysts
- 6Hulme, Fukuda-Parr, 2009The MDGs seek to directly improve human lives and implicitly spell out that ‘growth is not enough’ for poverty to be ended
Earlier specifications of ‘development and poverty eradication’ had been too vague to capture the imaginations and empathy of leaders and publics around the world.
Many important stakeholders (governments, organisations and leaders) ‘talk the talk’ but they do not ‘walk the walk’. There is wide agreement that global poverty ought to be eradicated but concrete action has lagged far behind the rhetoric
Main reason MDG implementation is slow: the weakness of enforcement mechanisms and the lack of influence that moral arguments have over many national governments and polities. - 7HegelThesis-antithesis-synthesis; dialectical relationship (Marxian)
- 8Williamson, 1990Washington consensus
- 9Williamson, 2004WC Critique
- 10Scott, 1998Seeing like a state. Scott argues that “the most tragic episodes of state-initiated social engineering originate in the pernicious combination of four elements”:
1. The “administrative ordering of nature and society”; 2. A “confidence about scientific and technical progress” science comprehends all knowledge and therefore maximizes all productivity. He calls this “high-modernist ideology”; 3. “An authoritarian state that is willing and able to use the full weight of its coercive power”; 4. “A prostrate civil society that lacks the capacity to resist these plans.” - 11Sahlins, 1972Using evidence from primitive cultures in Africa, Australia, and Asia, Sahlins argues that these hunter-gatherers live a more fulfilling life because they are not concerned with material possessions. While Western societies view scarcity as the basis of unhappiness, scarcity in stone-age societies is precisely what drives hunter-gatherers to live an abundant and "affluent" life. Mental health as development indicator?
- 12Cowen, Shenton, 1996Intentional’ and ‘immanent’ development. The former relates to planned interventions by the state (or other agencies) to shape and direct socioeconomic change. The latter, was change that resulted inherent to the workings of capitalism, change which radically altered social structures, relationships and order as well as material standards of living.
- 13Rist, 2008Despite challenges of inequality and climate, economic growth is still universally seen as the means to improvement
- 14Stiglitz, 2002SAPs imposed by World Bank and IMF without any evidence
- 15Kumar, et al., 2009Caste system
- 16Mawdsley 2012(Re)emergence of donors from the South; wary of eastern imperialism. Leaders need to navigate favourable outcomes, along with an active civil society that can hold the government to account. The west deploy a symbolic regime of charity to obscure their interests; southern donors do so too with the rhetoric of solidarity and shared identities.
From aid effectiveness to development effectiveness; the idea being that in order to be successful, development has to address more than aid - 17Mawdsley, McCann, 2011India in Africa; India is trying to secure its oil security. India as soft power, dark horse; forming alliances with Middle powers i.e. Brazil and offering technical assistance instead of money.
- 18Bates, 1995Zambia's government screwed them over, they could have made 85% more on their crop. Intention is to modernise but it seems as though governments interests are private.
- 19Amanor, 2005Development often viewed as outside of history
- 20Adams, 1995Agenda 21 in Rio, 1992 first brought sustainability onto the agenda.
- 21Adams, 2009For countries seeking to develop; crucial point is that the environmental must be seen as intrinsic to development with political as the linking factor
- 22Goldsmith, 1995Lessons to be learned from Adam Smith. He didn't say go ahead and privatise like crazy, he suggested the importance of a stable state. Market and politics are linked and mutually dependent.
- 23Gore, 2000Liberalization nature of the Washington Consensus changed how development was done and imposed
- 24Crush, 1995Power relations and discourse of development
- 25Rodrik, 2006Diversification is needed otherwise growth fizzles out. Liberalize and privatize is not necessarily the best way
- 26Godfray, et al., 2009Match the rapidly changing demand for food from a larger and more affluent population to its supply; do so in ways that are environmentally and socially sustainable; and ensure that the world’s poorest people are no longer hungry. Protection of intellectual property rights to biotechnology are problematic
- 27Corbridge, 1998Critique of post-development; creates unnecessary and unhelpful binaries (such as?)
- 28Andreasson, 2005Development for all is impossible to achieve; idea that Africa is still somehow deficient
- 29Kothari, 20051945 as year when development was initiated; Bretton Woods/World Bank.
- 30Rigg, 2007Why is everything in the global south captured through the lens of development? Get away from that
- 31Leftwich, 1996Doctrine of development. A strategic state can help navigate favourable outcomes; maintain advantageous relations etc
- 32Hickey, Mohan, 2004This book seeks to clarify that politics matters, but that participation should not be dismissed, this is too simplistic a conclusion based on the flaws with participation in practice, has hope theoretically. Donors can drive institutional change.
- 33Chambers, 1983Poor people are often at the end of the line. Participatory development may ignore the most marginalised, the loudest will be heard
- 34Korf, 2007After the tsunami, aid recipients were excluded from the recovery process and made to feel passive
- 35Benthall, 2003Islamic aid as increasing frontier
- 36Soedersberg, 2004Rice said whatever is in the US's interest should be the world's interest too. America has used 9/11 to justify military expansion and strategic intervention and repressive regimes in parts of the global south as part of the war on terror.
- 37Escobar, 2012Poverty is often ignored in development. Truman's first address described the USA's 'duty' to alleviate the poor
- 38Schech, et al., 2009European paternalism
- 39Myrdal, 1968Nehru quoted saying India needs to modernise its thinking; using western ideals of thought? Ancient mind cannot handle modern tools.
- 40Chambers, 2005HIV/AIDs is a big hindrance for African countries. Participation can often widen inequality because it is done badly.
- 41Manning, 2006Dialogue between DAC and non-DAC is needed. Change may not be radical but it will give developing countries more choice
- 42Mohan, Power, 2009China sees Africa as an economic opportunity more than as an aid/development project. Angola and Sudan are its main oil partners; Angola chose a $2bn loan from China in favour of IMF help. Chinese migrant-workers can displace locals. China has not joined any south-south solidarity groups e.g. G77
- 43Six, 2009China’s non-interference is allowing dictatorial regimes to continue, undermining other development efforts. If anything, west should see its mistakes in China's actions and learn from them
- 44Naim, 2007China, Venezuela and Saudi Arabia deploying toxic aid
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- FlashCards sobre Development References, criado por saania.hussain em 02-06-2014.
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