Flashcards
Information Systems-Chapter 7 terms
Flashcards do conjunto (66)
- 1broadbanda high-capacity transmission technique using a wide range of frequencies, which enables a large number of messages to be communicated simultaneously, these connections make network communication more efficient (cheaper, faster, stronger)
- 2network operating system (NOS)routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources
- 3hubssimple devices that connect network components, sending a packet of data to all other connected devices
- 4switchhas more intelligence than a hub and can filter and forward data to a specified destination on the network
- 5routera communications processor that routes packets of data through different networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address
- 6software-defined networking (SDN)a new networking approach in which many of these control functions are managed by one central program, which can run on inexpensive commodity servers that are separate from the network devices themselves
- 7packet switchingmethod of slicing digital messages into parcels called packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destinations
- 8protocolset of rules and procedures governing transmission of information between two points in a network
- 9transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP)developed during the early 1970's to support U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) efforts to help scientists transmit data among different types of computers over long distances
- 10application layerenables client application programs to access the other layers and defines protocols that applications use to exchange data, ex (HTTP)
- 11transport layerresponsible for providing the Application layer with communication and packet services, includes TCP and other protocols
- 12internet layerresponsbile for addressing, routing, and packaging data packets called IP datagrams. Internet protocol is one of the protocols used in this layer
- 13network interface layerbottom of the reference model, responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium, which could be any networking technology
- 14analog signalrepresented by a continuous waveform that passes through a communications medium and has been used for voice communication
- 15digital signaldiscrete, binary waveform rather than a continuous waveform, communicates information as strings of two discrete states: one bits and zero bits, which are represented as on-off electrical pulses
- 16modemstands for modulator-demodulator, cable __________ connect your computer to the internet by using a cable network
- 17local area network (LAN)designed to connect personal computers and other digital devices within a half-mile or 500 meter radius, typically connect a few computers in a small office, all the computers in one building, or all the computers in several buildings in close proximity
- 18wide area networks (WAN)span broad geographical distances--entire regions, states, continents, or the entire globe, most universal and powerful ______ is the internet
- 19metropolitan area network (MAN)network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs, geographic scope falls between a LAN and a WAN
- 20hertzthe number of cycles per second that can be sent through that medium is measured in _________, one ___________ is equal to one cycle of the medium
- 21bandwidththe range of frequencies that can be accommodated on a particular telecommunications channel is called its _________, the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single channel
- 22internet service provider (ISP)commercial organization with a permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to retail subscribers. examples include AT&T and Time Warner Cable
- 23digital subscriber line (DSL)technologies operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video at transmission rates ranging from 385 Kpbs all the way up to 40 Mbps, depending on usage patterns and distance
- 24cable internet connectionsprovided by cable television vendors uses digital cable coaxial lines to deliver high-speed internet access to homes and businesses
- 25T1 linespart of an international telephone standard for digital communcatio noffer guaranteed delivery at 1.54 Mbps
- 26T3 linespart of an international telephone standard for digital communication, offer delivery at 45 Mbps
- 27Internet Protocol (IP) addressevery computer on the internet is assigned a unique one of these, currently is a 32-bit number represented by four strings of numbers ranging from 0 to 255 separated by periods
- 28Domain Name System (DNS)converts domain names to IP addresses
- 29domain namethe english-like name that corresponds to the unique 32 bit numeric IP address for each computer connected to the internet
- 30IPv6contains 128 bit addresses (2 to the power of 128), or more than a quadrillion possible unique addresses
- 31Internet2an advanced networking consortium representing more than 500 U.S. universities, private businesses, and government agencies working with 66,000 institutions across the United States and international networking partners from more than 100 countries
- 32Telnet, File Transfer Protocol (FTP)client computer connecting to the internet has access to a variety of services. One of which is transferring files from computer to computer
- 33Emailenables messages to be exchanged from computer to computer, with capabilities for routing messages to multiple recipients, forwarding messages, and attaching text documents or multimedia files to messages
- 34chatenables two or more people who are simultaneously connected to the internet to hold live, interactive conversations
- 35instant messagingtype of chat service that enables participants to create their own private chat channels
- 36voice over IP (VoIP)technology delivers voice information in digital form using packet switching, avoiding the tolls charged by local and long-distance telephone networks
- 37Unified Communicationsintegrates disparate channels for voice communications, data communications, instant messaging, email, and electronic conferencing into a single experience by which users can seamlessly switch back and forth between different communication modes
- 38virtual private network (VPN)secure, encrypted, private network that has been configured within a public network to take advantage of the economies of scale and management facilities of large networks, such as the Internet
- 39websitecollection of web pages linked to a home page
- 40Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)the communications standard that transfers pages on the web
- 41uniform resource locator (URL)the directory path and document name are two more pieces of information within the web address that help the browser track down the requested page. These, together, create the _____________
- 42search enginesattempt to solve the problem of finding useful information on the web nearly instantly and, arguably, they are the killer app of the internet era
- 43semantic searchanother way for search engines to become more discriminating (in a good way) and helpful is to make search engines capable of understanding what we are really looking for is ____________________
- 44predictive searchpart of the search algorithm guesses what you are looking for and suggests search terms as you type your search words
- 45social searchan effort to provide fewer, more relevant, and trustworthy search results based on a person's network of social contacts
- 46visual webrefers to websites such as Pinterest, where pictures replace text documents, where users search pictures, and where pictures of products replace display ads for products
- 47shopping botsuse intelligent agent software for searching the internet for shopping information
- 48search engine marketingsearch engines have become major advertising platforms and shopping tools by offering what is now called ______________, business strategy to take advantage of the fact that 85 percent of americans will use a search engine each day
- 49search engine optimization (SEO)process of improving the quality and volume of web traffic to a website by employing a series of techniques that help a website achieve a higher ranking with the major search engines when certain key words and phrases are put into the search field
- 50Web 2.0enables people to collaborate, share information, and create new services and content online, not just static content
- 51blogpersonal website that typically contains a series of chronological entries (newest to oldest) by its author and links to related web pages
- 52microbloggingused in twitter
- 53blogospherethe totality of blog-related websites is often referred to as ____________
- 54RSSpulls specified content from websites and feeds it automatically to users' computers
- 55Wikisthe hawaiin word for quick, collaborative websites on which visitors can add, delete, or modify content, including the work of previous authors
- 56social networkingsites enable users to build communities of friends and professional colleagues
- 57Internet of Thingsbased on billions of Internet-connected sensors throughout our physical world
- 58Smartphonescombine functionality of a cell phone with that of a mobile laptop computer with Wi-Fi capability
- 593G Networksnetworks with transmission speeds from 144 Kbps for mobile users in, say, a car to more than 2 Mbps for stationary users, too slow for videos
- 604G Networks100 megabits/second download and 50 megabits upload speed, more than enough capacity for watching hd videos
- 61bluetoothpopular name for the 802.15 wireless networking standard, which is useful for creating small personal area networks (PANs)
- 62Wi-Fi802.11 set of standards for wireless LANs and wireless Internet access is also known as _________________
- 63Hotspotslocations with one ore more access points providing wireless Internet access and are often in public places
- 64WiMaxstands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is the popular term for IEEE Standard 802.16. Wireless access range of up to 31 miles and transmission speed of up to 75 Mbps
- 65Radio frequency identification (RFID)systems provide a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain
- 66Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded in a physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces
Informações
- Descrição
- FlashCards sobre Information Systems-Chapter 7 terms, criado por Kamron White em 18-10-2017.
- Criado por
- Kamron White · out 2017
- Atualizado
- 25 out 2017
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- 66
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