Chapter 3

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FlashCards sobre Chapter 3, criado por Cora B. em 09-02-2018.
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão Responda
gene an inherited factor (region of DNA) that helps determine a characteristic
allele one of two or more alternative forms of a gene
locus specific place on a chromosome occupied by an allele
genotype set of alleles possessed by an individual organism
homozygous a diploid organism with a genotype consisting of two identical alleles is ________
heterozygous one that has a genotype consisting of two different alleles is ________ for the locus
phenotype the appearance or manifestation of a characteristic
dominant the traits that appear unchanged in the F1 heterozygous offspring are ________
recessive the traits that disappear in the F1 heterozygous offspring are ________
3. How does the process of meiosis explain the equal segregation of alleles into gametes? [esp relevant for heterozygotes] Each homologous pair of chromosomes consists of one maternal chromosome and one paternal chromosome, concluding that this process is the biological basis for Mendel's principles of heredity.
backcross a cross between an F1 genotype and either of the parental genotypes
testcross one individual of unknown genotype is crossed with another individual with a homozygous recessive genotype for the trait in question
11. How does the process of meiosis explain independent assortment of alleles of different genes? Each pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of all other parts in anaphase I of meisos, so genes located on different pairs of homologs will assort independently. However, genes located on the same chromosome do not assort independently.

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