Flashcards
unit 7.2
Flashcards do conjunto (15)
- 1What are the two parts of the nervous system?Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
- 2what are neuronsNeurons are specialised cells that transmit electrical messages from one part of your body to another at very high speed
- 3what are dendrites?dendrites branch out from the cell body and receive messages from other nerve cells, which are then sent on to the cell body
- 4what is an axon/nerve fibre?an axon or a nerve fibre sends nerve impulses in only one direction, away from the cell body.
- 5what is a motor neuron?motor neurons carry messages from the Central nervous system to effectors.
(effectors are muscles or glands that translate the messages into actions)
- 6What are connector neurons?connector neurons transmit messages between neurons in the central nervous system
- 7what are sensory neurons?sensory neurons have specialised receptors which are sensitive to stimuli such as heat or light
they carry messages from the brain and spinal cord
- 8what insulating layer are neurons covered with?they are covered by an insulating layer known as myelin sheath
- 9what is the cerebrumthe cerebellum occupies more than 80% of the brain and contains over 10 billion neurons. Its folded surface makes surface area three times greater than if the brains surface was smooth
- 10what is the cerebellumat the base of the cerebrum is the cerebellum. The cerebellum is located where your skull curves inwards and
it is responsible for balance and coordination
- 11what are the two parts of the cerebrum?the cerebrum is made up of two parts called the right and left cerebral hemipsheres
- 12What does the right hemisphere control?the right hemisphere controls the left side of your body and it controls voluntary actions such as: running, walking or hitting a ball
- 13what does the left hemisphere control?the left hemisphere controls the right side of your body and for most people it has control over language and logical thinking and the right side is more creative and emotional
- 14what are the electrical messages that neurons send called?nerve impulses
- 15what happens when nerve impulses reach the axon terminals at the end of an axon?a chemical called a neurotransmitter is released into the space between neurons
