Flashcards
Control of Body Temperature
Flashcards do conjunto (18)
- 1Compare the control of body temperature in ectotherms and endothermsECTOTHERMS
Can't control body temperature internally - control by altering behaviour
ENDOTHERMS
Control their body temperature internally by homeostasis as well as altering behaviour - 2Compare the internal temperature of ectotherms and endothermsECTOTHERMS
Internal temperature depends on external temperature
ENDOTHERMS
Internal temperature is less affected by the external temperature (within limits) - 3Compare the metabolic rate of ectotherms and endothermsECTOTHERMS
Variable metabolic rate (they can't keep internal temperature constant)
ENDOTHERMS
Constantly high metabolic rate (they can keep internal temperature constant) - 4Compare the generation of heat in ectotherms and endothermsECTOTHERMS
Generate very little heat themselves
ENDOTHERMS
Generate a lot of heat from metabolic reactions - 5Compare the activity level of ectotherms and endothermsECTOTHERMS
Activity level depends on external temperature
ENDOTHERMS
Activity level is largely INDEPENDENT of external temperature - 6Give two examples of ectothermsReptiles
Fish - 7Give two examples of endothermsMammals
Birds - 8Compare the secretion of sweat when the body is too hot and when it is too coldTOO HOT
More sweat secreted from sweat glands - water evaporates, taking heat from body
TOO COLD
Less sweat secreted from sweat glands - reduces amount of heat loss - 9Compare the action of erector pili muscles when the body is too hot and when it is too coldTOO HOT
Erector pili muscles relax and hairs lie flat so less air is trapped (heat can be lost more easily)
TOO COLD
erector pili muscles contract and hairs stand up so more air is trapped (heat loss is prevented) - 10Compare the action of blood vessels when the body is too hot and when it is too coldTOO HOT
Vasodilation - arterioles near surface of skin dilate, more blood flows through capillaries in the surface layers of the dermis, more heat is lost by radiation
TOO COLD
Vasoconstriction - arterioles near surface of skin constrict, less blood flows through capillaries in the surface layers of the dermis, reduce heat loss - 11How do muscles react to the body temperature being too cold?Shivering - muscles contract in spasms, more heat is produced from increased respiration
- 12How do hormones help to increase body temperature when it is too cold?Body releases adrenaline and thyroxine - increases metabolism and so more heat is produced
- 13Complete the sentences: Body temperature in mammals is maintained at a constant level by a part of the brain called the _______________. The ________________ receives information about both internal and external temperature from ________________.Body temperature in mammals is maintained at a constant level by a part of the brain called the HYPOTHALAMUS. The HYPOTHALAMUS receives information about both internal and external temperature from THERMORECEPTORS.
- 14What do thermoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect?Internal temperature
- 15What do thermoreceptors in the skin detect?Peripheral temperature receptors detect external temperature
- 16Complete the sentence: Thermoreceptors send _________ along sensory neurones to the _______________ , which send impulses along ________ neurones to __________.Thermoreceptors send IMPULSES along sensory neurones to the HYPOTHALAMUS, which send impulses along MOTOR neurones to EFFECTORS.
- 17Outline the negative feedback loop for when the body temperature is too high
- 18Outline the negative feedback loop for when the body temperature is too low
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- O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina FlashCards sobre Control of Body Temperature, criado por Usuário eliminado em 05-03-2018.
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- Criado por Yinka F · 14 fev 2018
- Copiado por Yinka F · 5 mar 2018
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