O GoConqr está de visual novo! Conte para nós o que você achou.

Registre-se grátis

Flashcards

Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Vaginal Infections

Usuário eliminado O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina Inglês 86 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (86)

  1. 1Risk factors of contracting STDsage(more common during peak sexual activity), homosexual men, higher number of partners
  2. 2What are the five Ps?partners, prevention of pregnancy, protection from STDs(latex condoms), Practices, and past history of STDs
  3. 3When should pregnant women be screened for STDs?HIV, syphilis, and HbsAg at first prenatal visit
  4. 4When should pregnant women be screened for chlamydia?women who are <25 yo and at increased risk of chlamydia should be retested during 3rd trimester
  5. 5When should pregnant women be screened for gonorrhea?if they are high risk or live in an area of high prevalence should be screened at first prenatal visit
  6. 6What screening is not routinely recommended in pregnant women?HSV-2, bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis
  7. 7What routine screening is recommended for adolescents?HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea
  8. 8What routine screening is recommended for MSM?syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and HIV annually if only one partner and every 3-6 months if multiple or anonymous partners
  9. 9What STDs cause urethritis?N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium
  10. 10If a patient has urethritis what should they be presumptively treated for?gonorrhea and chlamydia
  11. 11What are the two predominant signs of cervicitis?Purulent exudates visible and sustained endocervical bleeding easily induced
  12. 12What is the most commonly reported STD in the US?chlamydia
  13. 13What STDs cause cervicitis?gonorrhoeae and c. trachomatis
  14. 14What are symptoms of gonorrhea in men?50% of men are asymptomatic, dysuria, mucopurulent discharge and urethritis
  15. 15What are some symptoms of gonorrhea in women?almost all asymptomatic, abnormal vaginal bleeding and burning on urination, mucopurulent endocervical exudates
  16. 16What are some complications of chlamydia infections in women?pelvic inflammatory disease, transmission to infants at birth
  17. 17What further procedures are needed after treating chlamydial infections?should be retested after 3 months
  18. 18What is ophthalmia neonatorum?conjunctivitis due to chlamydia in women
  19. 19What is the most common treatment for chlamydia?;Azithromycin 1 gram x 1 dose OR Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 7 days
  20. 20What treatment is recommended for pregnancy and chlamydia?;azithromycin
  21. 21What partners should be referred if a patient has chlamydia or gonococcal infection?;Partners having sexual contact within the preceding 60 days of the onset of symptoms in the case subject need to be referred for evaluation, testing, and presumptive treatment
  22. 22What should be recommended during treatment of chlamydia?;7 days after single dose OR after completion of 7 day course assuming symptoms have resolved and their partner has been tested/treated
  23. 23What are the symptoms of gonorrhea in men?;virtually all are symptomatic 2-5 days after infection yellow/green urethral discharge, dysuria
  24. 24What are some symptoms of gonorrhea in women?;virtually all women are asymptomatic and it goes unrecognized until Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, if they have symptoms they may have vaginal discharge and painful urination
  25. 25What infection commonly occurs with gonorrhea?;C. trachomatis
  26. 26What are some ramifications of untreated ophthalmia neonatorum gonorrhea?;perforation of the eye and blindness
  27. 27What treatment should be given to ophthalmia neonatorum gonorrhea?;Prophylaxis with erythromycin 0.5% ointment each eye as a single dose at birth is required by law in most states but if their mothers are infected you should also give parenteral ceftriaxone
  28. 28How should uncomplicated gonococcal infections be treated?;Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose PLUS Azithromycin 1 g orally in a single dose
  29. 29What is Jarisch-Herheimer reaction?a symptoms accompanied by headache, myalgia which occur within the 1st 2 hours after therapy for patient with early syphilis
  30. 30WHat is the treatment for gonococcal infections if te patient has a severe cephalosporin allergy?;Gemifloxacin 320 mg orally in single dose PLUS Azithromycin 2 grams orally in a single dose
  31. 31If you suspect treatment failure to gonorrhea what should you do?;Retreat with ceftriaxone and azithromycin as above, consult with ID specialist
  32. 32How should gonococcal pharyngitis and gonococcal conjunctivitis be treated?;Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose PLUS Azithromycin 1 g orally in a single dose, not as curable
  33. 33What is disseminated Gonococcal infection?;Ceftriaxone 1gm IM(or Cefotaximine 1gmIV) PLUS Azithromycin 1g PO
  34. 34What is the most likely infection if a sexually active person has genital ulcers?;genital herpes or syphilis
  35. 35What is primary infection of syphilis?;painless ulcers
  36. 36What is secondary infection of syphilis?;rash, malaise, fever, lymphatic spread of lesions
  37. 37What is tertiary infection of syphilis?;cardiac, neurologic, ophthalmic, auditory or gummatous lesions
  38. 38What are characteristics of late latent syphilis?;latent infection of > 1 years duration or of unknown duration; patient is considered to be noninfectious but remains a host carrier
  39. 39What is the most common laboratory test for syphilis?;VDRL--> higher-more active disease, treponemal tests --> Not useful for correlation to disease activity, positive will have disease
  40. 40How should treatment of early syphilis be monitored?titers should decrease 4x by 6months , if they ha not retreat
  41. 41How should early syphilis be treated?Benzathine penicillin G 2.4 mU IMx 1 dose
  42. 42How should early syphilis be treated f the patient has a penicillin allergy?Tetracycline, Doxycycline or ceftriaxone (14 day course)
  43. 43How should syphilis be treated if they ahve had it for unknown duration or if they can have cardiac involvement?Benzathine penicillin G 2.4 mU IM Qweek x 3 weeks
  44. 44How should tertiary syphilis be treated? if it involves neuro or ocular?aqueous crystalline Penicillin G 18-24 mU per day administered as 3-4U IV every 4 hours for 14 days
  45. 45Which STDs are reportable to the CDC??syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae
  46. 46How many people are estimated to genital herpes in the US?50 million
  47. 47When is the highest risk of transmission of HSV-2?within the first 12 months after acquiring
  48. 48When does the first herpes episode ooccur after exposure? what are some systemic symptoms that may occur?within 2-14 days, flu-like symptoms, painful ulcerative lesions
  49. 49Which strain of herpes is most likely to cause recurrent infections?HSV-2
  50. 50When should people abstain from sexual activity when they have herpes?when lesions or prodromal symptoms are present (shedding can still happen outside of these times)
  51. 51What are the benefits to anti-viral therapy in patients with herpes?shortening the duration of lesions during outbreaks and prevent recurrences
  52. 52What time of therapy is discouraged fr genital herpes?topical
  53. 53What treatments are used for the first episode genetal herpes?Acyclovir 400 mg TID x 7-10 days
    Famciclovir 250 mg TID x 7-10 days
    Valacyclovir 1000 mg BID x 7-10 days
  54. 54What treatments are used for episodic treatment of recurrent genital herpes?Must initiate treatment within 1 day of lesion onset, does not reduce risk for transmission
    Famciclovir 1000 mg BID x 1 day
    Valacyclovir 1000 mg QD x 5 days
    Acyclovir 800 mg BID x 5 days
    Acyclovir 800 mg TID x 2 days
  55. 55When should suppressive therapy for recurrent genital herpes be initiated?>6 recurrences/year, decreases risk of transmission
  56. 56When should supressive therapy be discontinued for genital herpes?after a year of suppresive therapy with fewer outbreaks
  57. 57What are some therapy options for recurrent genital herpes?Acyclovir 400 mg BID
    Famciclovir 250 mg BID
    Valacyclovir 500 mg QD
  58. 58How should patients be treated if they have genital herpes in pregnancy?Acyclovir 400 mg TID
    OR
    Valacyclovir 500 mg BID(Treatment recommended starting at 36 weeks gestation)
  59. 59When should a patient with herpes deliver their baby by cesarean?if they have herpetic lesions
  60. 60What is chancroid?it is an ulcerative infection caused by haemophilus ducreyi endemic to some areas of the US
  61. 61What is considered a successful treatment of chancroid?Successful therapy → symptomatic improvement within 3 days and objective
    improvement within 7 days
  62. 62What must be done before you can diagnose chancroid?rule out any other possible infections
  63. 63What are common treatment regimines fr chancroid?Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM single dose
    Azithromycin 1 gm single dose
  64. 64When do sexual partners need to be checked for chancroid?regardless of symptoms if they had contact within the 10 days preceding onset of symptoms
  65. 65When does BV occur?replacement of normal H2O2- producing Lactobacillis species in the vagina with high
    concentrations of anaerobes
  66. 66What are the most common treatments for BV?Metronidazole 500 mg BID x 7 days
    Metronidazole gel 0.75% 1 appl vaginally daily x 5 days
    Clindamycin cream 2% 1 appl vaginally q HS x 7 days
  67. 67How should BV be treated in pregnancy?Metronidazole 500 mg BID x 7 days
    Metronidazole 250 mg TID x 7 days
    Clindamycin 300 mg BID x 7 days
  68. 68What are symptoms of Trichomoniasis in men and women?Men(asymptomatic), Women(usually have iffuse, malodorous, yellow-green discharge with vulvar irritation)
  69. 69What are the recommended treatments for trichomoniasis?Metronidazole 2 grams orally x 1 dose
    Tinidazole 2 grams orally x 1 dose
  70. 70What is vulvovaginal candidiasis?"yeast infection"
  71. 71What kind of treatment is prefered for VVC in pregnancy?topical
  72. 72What kind of treatment should be used for VVC?*Fluconazole 150 mg po x 1 dose
    Butaconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, and tioconazole are all available
  73. 73How should recurrent vulvogaginal candidiasis be treated?>4 episodes per year
    Topical creams x 7-14 days
    Fluconazole 100, 150, or 200 mg po every 3 days for a total of 3 doses
    Maintenance therapy
    Fluconazole 100, 150, or 200 mg weekly x 6 months*
    Clotriamzole (topical) 200 mg twice a week OR
    clotrimazole 500 mg vaginal suppository once weekly OR some other topical therapy used intermittently for a period of time (~6 months)
  74. 74What are some considerations when diagnosing PID?no cause for the illness other than PID is identified, and if one of the following minimum criteria are present:
    Unterine tenderness
    Adnexal tenderness
    Cervical motion tenderness
    c. Additional criteria to enhance the minimum criteria include:
    Oral temperature > 101o F
    Abnormal cervical or vaginal discharge
    Presence of abundant numbers of WBC on saline microscopy of vaginal fluid
    Elevated ESR
    Elevated CRP
    Lab documentation of cervical infection with N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis
  75. 75How should PID be treated?empirically choose agent(s) with coverage to include N. gonorrhoeae , C. trachomatis, anaerobes, gram(-) facultative bacteria, and streptococci
  76. 76What partners should be treated if a w women is found to have PID?Sexual partners should be examined and treated if they had sexual contact with the patient during the 60 days preceding the patient’s onset of symptoms
  77. 77What is recommended treatement fofor PID?Regimen 1:
    -Cefotetan 2 gm IV q 12 hours OR Cefoxitin 2 gm IV q 6 hours
    PLUS
    -Doxycycline 100 mg IV/po q 12 hours
    Regimen 2:
    -Clindamycin 900 mg IV q 8 hours
    PLUS
    -Gentamicin 2mg/kg load → 1.5 mg/kg IV q 8 hours; may substitute single daily dosing
  78. 78What are some oral/IM treatments for PID?Regimen 1:
    -Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose
    PLUS
    -Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID
    WITH OR WITHOUT
    -Metronidazole 500 mg PO BID
    Regimen 2:
    -Cefoxitin 2 gm IM single dose and probenecid 1 gram orally administered in single dose
    PLUS
    -Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID
    WITH OR WITHOUT
    -Metronidazole 500 mg PO BID
  79. 79What are recommended treatments for HPV?External genital warts (patient applied):
    -Podofilox 0.5% solution/gel - BID x3 days; then 4 days off; may repeat up to 4 cycles as needed
    OR
    -Imiquimod 3.75% or 5% cream – Apply q HS 3 times/week for up to 16 weeks; treatment area should be cleansed 6-10 hours after application
    OR
    Sinecatechines 15% ointment 3 times/day for up to 16 week
  80. 80How old is the oldest you can be to only get the 2-dose regimen of HPV vaccine?14 years old
  81. 81What is epididymitis?swelling of the epididymis and can be caused by many different organisms
  82. 82If epidydimitis is treated if caused by chlamydial infection?Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose
    PLUS
    Doxycycline 100 mg orally BID x 10 days
  83. 83How should epidiymitis be treated if caused by chamydia or gonorrhea?Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM single dose
    PLUS
    Levofloxacin 500 mg PO QD for 10 days
    OR
    Ofloxacin 300 mg PO BID x 10 days
  84. 84What should the initial therapy for epidytimitus be if the man is >35 year old?Ofloxacin 300 mg orally BID x 10 days
    OR
    Levofloxacin 500 mg PO QD for 10 days
  85. 85What is the most common way to treat scabies or lice?Permethrin cream 5%– apply to all areas of the body from the neck down and wash off after 8-14 hours
    Ivermectin 200 mcg/kg orally x 1 dose; repeat in 2 weeks
  86. 86How should sexual assault victims be treated?Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose
    OR
    Cefixime 400 mg orally X 1 dose
    PLUS
    Metronidazole 2 gm orally x 1 dose
    PLUS
    Azithromycin 1 gm orally x 1 dose OR doxycycline 100 mg orally BID x 7 days

Informações

Descrição
O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina FlashCards sobre Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Vaginal Infections , criado por Usuário eliminado em 21-04-2018.
Criado por
Usuário eliminado
Visualizações
2
Histórico
  • Criado por Sonja Hutchens · 21 abr 2018
  • Copiado por Sonja Hutchens · 21 abr 2018
Avaliação

Fale Conosco

Sobre o que é sua mensagem?

O que você acha do novo visual?

Você gostou?