Flashcards
GCSE PE DEFINITIONS- AQA
Flashcards do conjunto (63)
- 1HealthA state of complete mental, physical and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
- 2Physical healthAll body systems are working well
- 3Mental healthYou feel good about yourself
- 4Social healthHave the support of friends and an awareness of your own role in society
- 5FitnessThe ability to meet the demands of the environment
- 6General fitnessBeing in general good health and able to carry out everyday tasks comfortably
- 7Suppleness/FlexibilityThe range of movement around a joint
- 8StrengthApplying a force against a resistance
- 9Static StrengthThe greatest amount of force that can be applied to an immovable object
e.g. Holding the opposition in a rugby scrum - 10Explosive StrengthMuscular strength used in one short, sharp movement
e.g. A hit in a game of hockey - 11Dynamic StrengthThe muscular strength needed to support your own body weight for a prolonged period of time
e.g. Carrying out a long rally in tennis - 12SpeedHow fast you can move part, or the whole, of your body
Achieved through a combination of reaction time and movement time - 13SomatotypeHow the body is made up in terms of bone, muscle and fat
- 14Stamina/EnduranceThe ability to keep going with a movement or an activity for a relatively long period
- 15Muscular EnduranceThe ability of a muscle, or a group of muscles to keep working against a resistance
- 16Cardiovascular EnduranceThe ability of the heart and lungs to keep supplying oxygen in the bloodstream to the body to provide energy to sustain physical movement
- 17Specific FitnessA level beyond general fitness where you are able to meet the higher, more specific, demands of an activity or sport
- 18Co-ordinationThe ability to properly control your body when performing a physical action
e.g. Controlling your body after you have played the pull shot in Cricket - 19AgilityThe ability to change the position of the body quickly while keeping the whole body under control
- 20PowerThe combination of the maximum amount of speed with the maximum amount of strength
- 21Reaction timeHow quickly you respond to something
e.g. How quickly you respond to the starting gun in the 100m sprint - 22BalanceBeing able to maintain your equilibrium (centre of gravity), over a particular area of support
- 23TimingAbility to act at the right moment
- 24ExerciseA form of physical activity primarily done to improve fitness
- 25Muscle toneThe partial contraction of muscle at rest
- 26PostureYour body is in the position that puts least strain on your muscles, tendons, ligaments and bones
- 27How age affects performance Injury and disease-As age increases, more likely to suffer injuries
-Longer recovery time
-Increased chance of disease - 28How age affects performance- Skill-Can improve due to growth
-Experience gained over time - 29How age affects performance- Physical/Mental maturity- Younger people cannot cope with too much information
- 30How age affects performance- Diet- Body metabolism slows down as you get older, tendency to gain weight. Especially from age of 40 upwards.
- 31How age affects performance- Reaction time- Decreases with age.
- 32How age affects performance- Strength- Maximum strength will not be achieved until late teens or early twenties.
- Peaks at around 30 and then declines up to 40% from the age of 30 upwards - 33How age affects performance- O2 capacity-Reduces with age. A 50 year old has a reduced capacity compared with a 20 year old
- 34How gender affects performance- Rate of maturity- Girls mature earlier than boys, competition when young can be fair
- From age 11, boys start to overtake girls in terms of height, weight and strength. - 35How gender affects performance- Strength-Males have more muscle than females
-Males are 33% stronger - 36How gender affects performance- Cardiovascular endurance-Males have a larger heart and lungs, and more blood
- 37How gender affects performance- Bone structure-Males tend to have bigger bones which make them larger and heavier than females.
- Female pelvis is wider than males. Males more narrow pelvis allows power to be transmitted to the lower body more effectively. - 38How gender affects performance- Speed and power-As males have bigger bones and more muscle they can move faster and generate more power
- 39How gender affects performance- Flexibility-Females are more flexible than males
- 40How gender affects performance- Body fat- Women have a higher percentage of body fat than males
- 41Endomorph- Short and rounded
- Tendency to gain weight
- Short legs in relation to rest of body - 42Mesomorph-Basic Y-shape
-Well muscled and flexible shoulders
-Long arms and legs
-Narrow waist and lightweight legs - 43Ectomorph-Tall and thin
-Short waist
-Long legs - 44Culture- religionCulture: the ideas, customs and social behaviour of a particular people or society
-Many Muslim cultures have specific dress codes
-Many Muslims fast during Ramadan- can affect performance while training and competing
-Some devout Christians refuse to train/compete on Sundays, as this conflicts with their religious beliefs. Also the case for some Jewish faith performers- cannot compete at certain times. - 45Culture- genderIssue of gender is often linked closely with religion due to the fact that many religions have strict guidelines that apply specifically to females.
- 46How the environment affects performance- weatherAffects training and competing
- e.g. Marathon runner may not be able to carry out distance runs in poor weather - 47How the environment affects performance- pollutionAir pollution
Health risk for anyone to exercise in polluted areas. Affects breathing- negative impact on physical impact. - 48How the environment affects performance- AltitudeHigh altitude- low levels of oxygen. When training here body will get used to training and creating energy with less oxygen.
Return to sea level- body can train for longer - 49How the environment affects performance- humidityAmount of water vapour in the air. Humidity + heat = Difficult for performers to keep their bodies cool enough and avoid dehydration
- 50How the environment affects performance- terrainLandscape- specific to particular sports.
e.g. Skiing requires slopes - 51Role of UK Sport in ensuring sport in the UK is safe- National Governing Bodies
- Affiliated Clubs
- Officials
- Participants - 52Safety and Risk Assessment (5 parts)- Correct technique
- Correct clothing/equipment
- Correct footwear
- Following the rules
- Etiquette - 53(Safety and Risk assessment) EtiquetteThe unwritten rules of behaviour a player stands when competing
- 54Disability Categories- Physical and Mental
- Permanent and Temporary - 55How sports are adapted for Disabled Athletes- Sports- e.g. Goal ball
- Equipment- e.g. Ball with ball bearings in for the blind (Goal Ball)
- Facilities e.g. Necessary for all leisure facilities to have ramp access - 56Seasonal Training- Closed Season- Complete break
- Rest and recuperation
- Recovery from injuries
- 6 to 10 weeks - 57Seasonal Training- Out of season- Light training with a gradual build up to a good level of aerobic fitness
- May also build up strength and endurance
- Light skills training with non-competitive games - 58Seasonal Training- Pre season- High intensity interval and weights training
- Flexibility and pressure 'skills' training
- Practise matches - 59Seasonal Training- Playing/Peak season- Playing once or twice a week
- Maintenance and light weight training
- Speed work
- Quality rest and appropriate diet - 60All year round sportsPlayers participate in indoor and outdoor events throughout the year, around the world.
- 61Warm weather trainingTraining abroad in a warm climate
- 62PhysiologicalBody
- 63PsychologicalMind
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- FlashCards sobre GCSE PE DEFINITIONS- AQA, criado por anisha1999 em 29-03-2015.
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- anisha1999
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