Flashcards
GCSE History B: Warfare in Britain PART 2: 1350 --> 1750
Flashcards do conjunto (46)
- 1What two new weapons revolutionised warfare in the Later Middle Ages?The Cannon
The Longbow - 2The Longbow: What was the firing range? What was the piercing range?Firing range = 400m
Armour piercing range = 200m - 3What type of army was was French army at Agincourt?A feudal army
- 4How was Henry's army hired?A Contract or Indenture
- 5Was Henry's army professional? Why?Yes, because they were mercenaries.
- 6What was 'scutage'?'Scutage' allowed knights to 'buy out' of their military service
- 7How large was Henry's army?8000
- 8How large was the French's army?20-30,000
- 9What illness did much of Henry's army suffer from?Dysentery
- 10Before the Battle of Agincourt - Part 1: What war was Agincourt part of?The hundred-years war
- 11Before the Battle of Agincourt - Part 2: Where did Henry beseige in Northern France, as he needed a base?Harfleur
- 12Before the Battle of Agincourt - Part 3: How many cannons did Henry use to pound the walls of Harfleur? What/Who did Henry leave at Harfleur?12 Cannons
A small garrison of soldiers - 13The Battle of Agincourt - Part 1: Where was Henry's army heading to, when they were stopped at Agincourt?Calais
- 14The Battle of Agincourt - Part 2: Describe the area where the battle took place in?A narrow piece of ploughed land, between two woods.
- 15The Battle of Agincourt - Part 3: Where did Henry position his troops?Between the woods where the gap was narrowest.
- 16The Battle of Agincourt - Part 4: What did Henry do to stop the advance of the French?Place angled stakes in the ground.
- 17The Battle of Agincourt - Part 5: What was 'galling'? Why did the French get annoyed at it?Henry's tactic of hiding his Longbow men in the woods, and shooting at the French.
It was unchivalrous. - 18The Battle of Agincourt - Part 6: What did the French then do?Showed anger and indiscipline and attacked.
- 19The Battle of Agincourt - Part 7: What meant that the French couldn't use their extra men?The narrow approach to Henry's army.
- 20The Battle of Agincourt - Part 8: How did Henry V's army finish off the French?His longbow put aside their bows and attacked from the flanks with their swords.
Used cavalry to attack the retreating French from the rear. - 21What were the two main problems that faced early cannons?Range and accuracy
- 22How was the problems with range dealt with?Trunnions
- 23How were the problems of accuracy dealt with?Quadrants
- 24What was one of the early types of musket?Matchlock
- 25What were the three main problems with this musket?It was heavy.
It wasn't good in the wet.
It showed the position at night. - 26How were armies supplied?Baggage trains
Plunder/stealing - 27What was the name of parliament's permanent army, that they introduced?The new model army!
- 28Who created the Ironsides? What were the Ironsides?Oliver Cromwell
They were highly disciplined Parliamentary cavalry. - 29The Battle of Naseby - Part 1: What were the 3 main tactics used by Cromwell at Naseby?1. Moved army to shallower slope
2. Put Okey's Dragoons behind hedge to provoke Royalist attack
3. Split his cavalry to defeat Langdale and surround Royalist Infantry - 30The Battle of Naseby - Part 2: Who fought for the Royalists at Naseby? Who fought for Parliament at Naseby?Royalists:
King Charles
Marmaduke Langdale
Prince Rupert
Parliament:
Sir Thomas Fairfax
Oliver Cromwell
John Okey
Henry Ireton - 31The Battle of Naseby - Part 3: Where was Parliaments army positioned?At the top of a steep hill
- 32The Battle of Naseby - Part 4: Where did Cromwell move the army, to try and encourage the Royalists to attack?To the west
- 33The Battle of Naseby - Part 5: Why was Okey's Dragoons put behind the hedge?To provoke Prince Rupert's Cavalry
- 34The Battle of Naseby - Part 6: What happened when Okey fired at the cavalry?Prince Rupert's cavalry lost discipline, and charged at Ireton's cavalry.
- 35The Battle of Naseby - Part 7: What did Ireton's cavalry then do? What did this mean for Parliament's army?They retreated.
Charles' army was then winning. - 36The Battle of Naseby - Part 8: What did Prince Rupert and his men then do?They got so excited (because they were winning), that they forgot about the battle, stumbling upon Parliament's baggage train and raiding that.
- 37The Battle of Naseby - Part 9: What did the Royalist infantry then do?They marched up the hill, and attack parliament's infantry.
They pushed through Parliament's infantry, because the new model army was inexperienced. - 38The Battle of Naseby - Part 10: What did Langdale's cavalry and Cromwell's cavalry then do? What was the outcome of that?They charged at each other.
Cromwell's experienced Ironsides easily forced Langdales cavalry off the battlefield. - 39The Battle of Naseby - Part 11 (The final one): How did the battle end?Half of Cromwell's cavalry keep Langdale's away, whilst the other half comes behind the royalist's infantry, sandwiching the royalists. Okey's Dragoons see this and join in, the Royalists are defeated.
- 40Were archers used in the English Civil War?No
- 41What killed the majority of soldiers?Disease - in fact, this was 5x more likely to kill a soldier than battlefield injuries.
- 42What new type of musket was introduced in 1715?The Brown Bess Flintlock
- 43What was the British army split up into?Regiments
- 44What made up 75% of most armies?Infantry
- 45What was local militia?A way of getting soldiers - Men were forced to join up
- 46What might have military discipline involved in the 18th Century?- Whipping
- Branding
- Lengthening of contract
- Shot
Informações
- Descrição
- GCSE Edexcel History B (Nature of Warfare AD50 - Present Day) FlashCards sobre GCSE History B: Warfare in Britain PART 2: 1350 --> 1750, criado por James Jolliffe em 31-03-2015.
- Criado por
- James Jolliffe
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