Flashcards
ap gov't
Flashcards do conjunto (43)
- 1Anti-FederalistOpposed to a strong central government; saw undemocratic tendencies in the Constitution and insisted on the inclusion of the Bill of Rights (Jefferson, Monroe, Henry)
- 2Amendment Processrequires a vote of 2/3 of both houses of congress and ratification of 3/4 of the states
- 3Articles of Confederationa written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states
- 4Bill Of Rightsfirst 10 amendments
- 5Bill of Attaindera legislative act finding a person guilty of treason or felony without a trial
- 6bicameraltwo house legislature
- 7Elastic Clausea clause that allows Congress to stretch the use of its powers
- 8Delegated powersPowers specifically granted to the national govt by the Constitution
- 9FederalismPowers that are shared and divided among federal and sub-divisional government (state/local)
- 10framersmistake called "farmers"
- 11Full Faith &Credit ClauseStates are required to recognize the laws &legal documents of other states-Article 4 for Federalism!
- 12ImpeachmentBringing charges of wrongdoing against a govt official by the House of Representatives
- 13implied powersnot in the constitution but inferred
- 14Judicial reviewAuthority given the courts to review constitutionality of acts by the executive/state/legislature; est. in Marbury v. Madison
- 15Necessary and Proper ClauseGives Congress the powers to pass all laws necessary to carry out their constitutional duties; "elastic" clause (Art. I, Sec 8, clause 18)
- 16Natural rightsBasic rights that are guaranteed to all persons; basic rights that a government cannot deny-Locke-life, liberty, property
- 17Reserved powersPowers belonging specifically to the states and the people because they were not delegated to the national government nor denied to the states
- 18Representative democracyCitizens choose officials (representatives) who make decisions about public policy
- 19vetothe power of the prez to prevent a bill from becoming a law
- 20Two-party systemSeveral political parties exist, but only two major political parties compete for power and dominate elections
- 21Supermajorityvote higher than a majority
- 22the sprit of lawsmontesquieu advocated this
- 23Self-governancenations right to rule itself
- 24Social contractagreement among the members of a society to create a government and obey its laws
- 25Revenueincome; all bills for raising this must originate in the house
- 26Ratifyfinal approval as in the amending process
- 27pfirst step in amendment process by 2/3 vote in both houses
- 28preamblethe intro in the constitution
- 29Parliamentary systemsystem in which legislative and executive functions are combined in an elected legislature
- 30papers (fed. papers)hamilton, madison, and jay
- 31Pluralist Theorya theory of gov't and policies emphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups
- 32Pluralisma statement of basic principles put forth by a political party
- 33ofamous commerce clause case
- 34m50% +1
- 35mchief architect of the constitution
- 36La gov't that is not all powerful
- 37Ex Post Factoa law that makes something retroactively illegal
- 38Enumerated powersarticle i section 8 of the constitution
- 39block grantA grant-in-aid with few restrictions or rules about how it can be spent.
- 40categorical grantsMoney given for a specific purpose that comes with restrictions concerning how the money should be spent
- 41censusCounting the population to determine representation in the House of Representatives; the constitution mandates one every ten years.
- 42democracyRule by the people.
- 43ideologyA set of beliefs a person holds that shape the way he or she behaves and sees the world.