Flashcards
EN1010 Approaches to Text
Flashcards do conjunto (55)
- 1Personificationgives human characteristics to inanimate objects, animals or ideas. E.g. opportunity knocked on the door
- 2Hyperbolean outrageous exaggeration that emphasises a point. They can be added to fiction to add colour and depth to a character. e.g. using an apple to represent education.
- 3AlliterationThe repetition of consonant sounds, especially at the beginning of words. Example: "Fetched fresh, as I suppose, off some sweet wood."
- 4Onomatopeiais a sound device. It uses the words that sound like their meaning, or mimic sounds. e.g. the burning wood hissed and crackled.
- 5Similecompares 2 things using like and as. e.g. busy as a bee.
- 6MetaphorA comparison that is made directly or less directly, but in any case without pointing out a similarity by using words such as “like,” “as,” or “than.”
- 7Assonanceresemblense of sound between syllables of nearby words, from the rhyming of 2 or more stressed vowels but NOT consonants. e.g. killed, cold, culled.
- 8Apostropheis a figure of speech sometimes represented by "o". A writer using an apostrophe detaches himself from the reality and addresses an imaginary character in his speech.
- 9Allusionenables writers or poets to simplify complex ideas and emotions. The reader comprehends the complex ideas by comparing emotions of the reader to the references given by them.
- 10SibilanceIt is used as a stylistic device and sibilants are used more than twice in quick succession. (hissing sounds)
- 11Intertextualitythe inter relationships between texts, the way similar or related texts influence, reflect or differ from each other.
- 12Anaphorarepetition of the same word/ a series of words at the beginning of successive lines.
- 13P.O.V (Point of View)The mode of narration that an author employs to let the readers 'hear' and 'see' what takes place in a story, poem, essay etc.
- 14First Person P.O.Vuses either of the 2 pronouns 'I' and 'we'. e.g. I felt like I was getting drowned with shame and disgrace.
- 15Second Person P.O.VUses the pronoun 'You'. e.g. sometimes you cannot clearly discern between anger and frustration.
- 16Third Person P.O.VUses pronouns like 'he', 'she', 'it', 'they' or a name. e.g. Mr Stewart is a principled man. He acts by the book and never lets you deceive him easily.
- 17Narrativeis a report of related events presented to the listener or readers in words arranged in a logical sequence. A story is taken as a synonym of a narrative.
- 18Function of NarrativeA narrative is set in specific cultural contexts. Readers can get a deep insight of that culture and develop an understanding towards it.
- 19Prose1. most everyday writing is in prose.
2. the language is typically straightforward
3. ideas are contained in sentences, arranged in paragraphs
4. there are no line breaks, sentences run straight to the margin
5 looks like large blocks of words - 20Poetry1. reserved for expressing something special in an artistic way
2. Uses comparisons, rhyme and rhythm
3. uses stanzas not sentences
4. first letter of the line is usually capitalised
5. Shape/structure can vary - 21Figurative Languageis language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. When a writer uses literal language they are simply stating the facts as they are.
- 22Literaturewritten works, especially those considered of superior or long lasting artistic merit
- 23Focalisationa narrative where all info presented reflects the subjective perception of a character.
- 24reliabilitya quality of some fictional narratives whose word the reader can trust.
- 25S L I M ES - Structure
L - Language
I - Imagery
M - Meaning
E - Effect - 26F L I R T S FormForm/ Structure
Can you make any comments on the way the poem looks on the page? Does each stanza (paragraph) tell you something different? - 27F L I R T LanguageLanguage
What examples of interesting language can you find? (persuasive language, emotive language, short or long sentences) - 28F L I R T ImageryImagery
How does the poet paint images in the reader’s mind? Can you find examples of metaphors, adjectives, adverbs, similes, personification. - 29F L I R T Rhythm / rhymeRhythm / rhyme
Does the poem have a rhythm? Do any of the words rhyme? Can you find any examples of alliteration or onomatopoeia? - 30F L I R T Theme / topicTheme/ topic
How would you describe the main ideas or message of the poem? What is it trying to tell the reader? - 31Binary oppositionBinary opposition is the system by which, in language and thought, two theoretical opposites are strictly defined and set off against one another. It is the contrast between two mutually exclusive terms, such as on and off.
- 32Nature Vs NurtureNature: a persons development is predisposed in DNA
Nurture: a persons development is influenced by life experiences and environment - 33SocialisationThe act of adapting behaviour to the norms of a culture or society.
- 34EssentialismThe belief or presumption that people, cultures or literature each possess an ‘essence’, that is, a core, defining and unchanging quality or set of qualities.
- 35Psychoanalysis (Feminine)It maintains that gender is not biological but is based on the psycho-sexual development of the individual, but also that sexual difference and gender are different notions. (Freud)
- 36Feminist CriticismIt can be understood as using feminist principles and ideological discourses to critique the language of Lit, its structure and being.
May also study stereotypes, creativity, ideology, racial issues and marginality. - 37Queer Theoryinsists that all sexual behaviours, all concepts linking sexual behaviours to sexual IDs and all categories of normative and deviant sexualities are social constructs which create certain types of social meaning.
- 38Oedipus ComplexThe complex of emotions aroused in a young child (around 4 y.o.a) by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex and the wish to exclude the parent of the same sex.
- 39Freudian Slipan unintentional error regarded as revealing subconscious feelings
- 40Freud's Iceberg
- 41SLIME StructureHow is the poem structured? Does it have a conventional structure such as sonnet, or an ode? Does it have stanzas with a regular number of lines, or any other interesting features of structural design?
- 42SLIME LanguageIs the language appropriate to subject and/or theme? What effect does the language have on the poem’s achievement?
- 43SLIME ImageryAre there any striking examples of similes, metaphors, personifications or symbols in the poem? What is their effect?
- 44SLIME MeaningWhat is the poem about?
Does it have a message?
What is the poet discussing?
Is there an overall theme/idea in the poem? - 45SLIME EffectWhat is the effect of the poem?
What does the poem make you feel think about?
What opinion does it show about the subject?
What is the poet trying to say about their subject? - 46MarxismIn its simplest form, Marxist criticism attempts to show the relationship between literature and the social.
- 47Metaphysical PoetsA group of 17th-century poets whose works are marked by philosophical exploration, colloquial diction, ingenious conceits, irony, and metrically flexible lines.
- 48MeterThe rhythmical pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse.
- 49RhymeThe repetition of syllables, typically at the end of a verse line. Rhymed words conventionally share all sounds following the word’s last stressed syllable.
- 50Rhyme SchemeA rhyme scheme is usually the pattern of end rhymes in a stanza, with each rhyme encoded by a letter of the alphabet, from a onward (ABBA BCCB, for example). Rhymes are classified by the degree of similarity between sounds within words, and by their placement within the lines or stanzas.
- 51Feminist Theoryfeminist theory combines elements of other theoretical models such as psychoanalysis, Marxism, poststructuralism, and deconstruction to interrogate the role of gender in the writing, interpretation, and dissemination of literary texts.
- 52ImageryElements of a poem that invoke any of the five senses to create a set of mental images. Specifically, using vivid or figurative language to represent ideas, objects, or actions.
- 53IronyIrony implies a distance between what is said and what is meant. Based on the context, the reader is able to see the implied meaning in spite of the contradiction.
- 54SymbolSomething in the world of the senses, including an action, that reveals or is a sign for something else, often abstract or otherworldly. A rose, for example, has long been considered a symbol of love and affection.
- 55ToneThe poet’s attitude toward the poem’s speaker, reader, and subject matter, as interpreted by the reader. Often described as a “mood” that pervades the experience of reading the poem, it is created by the poem’s vocabulary, metrical regularity or irregularity, syntax, use of figurative language, and rhyme.
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- Flashcards to help with revision for Approaches to Text
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- Laura Sarah
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