5460550
Descrição
FlashCards por Emily Moore, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Emily Moore
mais de 10 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| What bones form the Calvarium (skullcap) | Frontal Occipital Right Parietal Left Parietal |
| What bones form the Floor | Sphenoid Ethmoid Right Temporal Left Temporal *SET on Floor* |
| 2 main parts of the Frontal bone | Squamous or vertical portion - forms the forehead Orbital or horizontal portion - forms the superior part of orbits |
| Frontal Bone - Squamous Portion Glabella | prominence above bridge of nose smooth raised area between eyebrows |
| Frontal Bone - Squamous Portion Supraorbital Groove (SOG) | -depression above eyebrow -marks highest level of facial bone -level of orbital plates |
| Frontal Bone - Squamous Portion Superciliary Ridge/Arch | eyebrow level |
| Frontal Bone - Squamous Portion Supraorbital Margin (SOM) | upper bony rim of orbit |
| Frontal Bone - Squamous Portion Supraorbital notch (Foramen) | -small opening in supraorbital margin -passage for nerve and artery |
| Frontal Bone - Squamous Portion Frontal Tuberosity (eminence) | -large rounded prominence on each side of bone -located above supraorbital groove |
| Frontal Bone - Orbital Portion consists of... | -supraorbital margins -superciliary ridges -glabella -frontal tuberosities |
| Frontal Bone - Orbital Portion Orbital plate | forms superior part of orbits |
| Frontal Bone - Orbital Portion Ethmoid notch | open area separating plates |
| Which 4 bones articulate with the frontal bone? | -Right parietal -Left parietal -Sphenoid -Ethmoid |
| What do the parietal bones form? Widest part of skull is between these... | -lateral walls of cranium and part of roof -parietal tubercles/eminences |
| What bones articulate with the parietal bone? | -frontal -occipital -temporal -sphenoid -opposite parietal |
| What does the occipital bone form? | Forms the inferoposterior portion of the skull |
| Describe the squamous portion of the occipital bone | -rounded part of bone -forms most of back of head -superior to inion |
| What is the external occipital protuberance or inion? | bump on back of head |
| *Foramen Magnum | opening at base of bone where the spinal cord passes |
| *What does the occipital condyles articulate with? | with the atlas (C1) to form atlantooccipital joints |
| Which 6 bones articulate with the occipital bone? | -2 parietals -2 temporals -sphenoid -atlas |
| What do the temporal bones house? | delicate organs of hearing and balance |
| Where is the zygomatic process/arch on the temporal bone? Where is the EAM? | extends anteriorly from squamous portion of bone inferior to zygomatic arch. (ear canal) |
| Temporomandibular fossa | -inferior to zygomatic process and anterior to EAM -mandible fits to form the TMJ |
| Styloid process | -slender bony projection -inferior to mandible -anterior to EAM |
| Name the 3 parts of the temporal bones | -squamous portion -mastoid portion -petrous portion |
| The squamous portion of temporal bone is the ____ portion of the skull | thinnest |
| The mastoid portion of the temporal bone is posterior to ___. Has a prominent mastoid process/tip and contains ___ ____. | Posterior to EAM Contains air cells |
| The petrous portion (petrous pyramid) is the ____ portion of the skull. | thickest |
| What does the petrous portion house? | houses organs of hearing and equilibrium and air cells |
| Petrous ridges | -top of ear attachment (TEA) -project anteriorly and toward midline from EAM |
| What does the Internal Acoustic Meatus do? | transmit nerves of balance and hearing |
| Which 3 bones articulate with the temporal bones? | -a parietal -occipital -sphenoid |
| Where is the sphenoid bone located and how many cranial bones articulate with it? | centrally located posterior to the ethmoid bone articulates with all 7 cranial bones |
| The sphenoid bone is ___-shaped bone containing: | -Bat -Body -2 sets of wings -legs |
| Describe the body of the sphenoid bone | -central portion of bone -midline of floor of skull * -contains the sphenoid sinus |
| * Describe the Sella turcica | -central depression on body -resembles a saddle ***-houses pituitary gland |
| Where is the Dorsum sellae | back of sella turcica |
| Where is the clivus located and what does it do? | -depression posterior to dorsum sella -supports pons of brainstem -joins to occipital |
| Clinoid processes 2 anterior - arise from ____ aspect of ___ wing. 2 posterior - extends superiorly from the ___ ___. | -posterior, lesser -dorsum sella |
| Name the 3 small foramina in the greater wing of the spenoid bone. What's the purpose of them? | -foramen rotundum -ovale -spinosum -passage for cranial nerves |
| Optic Foramina | openings into the orbit for optic nerves between the lesser wings and body |
| Superior Orbital Fissure | -upper opening between lesser and greater wings -passage of many nerves and blood vessels |
| Name the 3 processes projecting downward from the body on the sphenoid bone | -lateral pterygoid processes -medial pterygoid processes -pterygoid hamuli (hook-like process) |
| Where is the ethmoid bone located? | lies primarily below the floor of skull and anterior to sphenoid, inferior to frontal |
| Cribriform plate | horizontal plate which contains numerous small holes for olfactory nerves |
| Ethmoid Bone Crista galli | projection above cribriform plate |
| Ethmoid Bone Perpendicular Plate | -midline structure that projects downward -forms upper portion of bony nasal septum |
| Ethmoid Bone Lateral masses or labyrinths | -masses on each side of perpendicular plate *-contains ethmoid sinuses |
| Ethmoid Bone Superior and middle nasal conchae or turbinates | thin, scroll-shaped projections medial and inferior to lateral masses |
| Which bones articulate with the ethmoid bone? | -sphenoid -frontal |
| What are cranial sutures? | -joints of the cranium -classified as fibrous joints -synarthrodial type joints (immovable) |
| Name the 4 types of sutures | 1. Coronal Suture 2. Sagittal Suture 3. Lambdoidal Suture 4. Squamosal Suture |
| Coronal suture | between frontal and parietals |
| Sagittal suture | between right and left parietals |
| Lambdoidal suture | between parietals and occipital |
| Squamosal suture | between temporals and parietals |
| Name the 4 suture junction points | 1. Bregma 2. Lambda 3. Pterions 4. Asterions |
| Bregma | -anterior end of sagittal -at coronal and sagittal |
| Lambda | -posterior end of sagittal -at sagittal and lambdoidal |
| Pterions | -R and L -at parietals, temporals, and greater wings of sphenoid |
| Asterions | -R and L -Posterior to ear at squamosal and lambdoidal |
| Infant cranial sutures and fontanels | -sutures not yet ossified -soft spots (6) -Anterior & Posterior-Bregma & Lambda in adult. anterior fontanel is largest, closing at 18 months -Sphenoid & Mastoid-2 smaller lateral fontanels. Pterion & Asterion in adult. At sphenoid and mastoid angles of parietal bones |
| Organs of hearing and equilibrium found within ___ portion of temporal bones. Name the 3 divisions of the ear. | -petrous 1. external 2. middle 3. internal |
| External ear | -Auricle or Pinna - Tragus -EAM -Mastoid process and Mastoid tip -Styloid process -Tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
| Middle ear | -communicates with nasopharynx and mastoids -3 main parts: tympanic membrane auditory ossicles tympanic cavity |
| Middle ear Eustachian tube | -passageway between middle ear and nasopharynx -equalizes pressure within middle ear -pathway for disease organisms |
| Mastoid Air Cells | -posterior communication in middle ear *Aditus- opening between epitympanic recess and mastoid portion of temporal bone *Antrum-large chamber within mastoid portion, connected to aditus |
| Middle ear Auditory Ossicles | -3 small bones within middle ear -located in epitympanic recess and tympanic cavity proper |
| Middle ear Name the 3 Auditory Ossicles | 1. Malleus-first to pick up vibrations; attached to tympanic membrane 2. Incus- attached to head of malleus 3. Stapes-attached to incus; smallest of the 3 bones |
| What does the internal ear contain and name the 2 main parts. | -Contains sensory organs of hearing and equilibrium -2 main parts: -osseous labyrinth -membranous labyrinth |
| Osseous labyrinth | -bony chamber housing membranous labyrinth -3 main parts: -cochlea -Vestibule -Semicircular canals |
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