5888551
Descrição
FlashCards por Johanna Brinkmann, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Johanna Brinkmann
mais de 10 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| What is the most common form of dementia? When was it first described? | Alzheimer's disease; 1906 |
| Examples for mild, moderate and severe stages of Alzheimer | Mild: Memory loss, language problems Moderate: Behavior & personality, learning Severe: Gait changes, incontinence, bedridden |
| What is the most accurate method to confirm Alzheimer? | Histologically post-mortem |
| How is Alzheimer diagnosed? | Patient history, information from relatives, clinical observations; Check for alternative conditions: CT, MRT, SPECT, PET |
| What are plaques? | (Amyloid / Diffuse Aß) plaques (=AßPs): mostly insoluble deposits of amyloid beta peptides outside neurons. Normally broken down in healthy body. |
| What are tangles? | (Neurofibrillary) tangles (or neuritic plaques=NPs): insoluble twisted fibers of the protein tau inside the cells. Destroys structure of cell's cytoskeleton. Tau normally is a reinforcing part of the microtubuli. |
| What is destroyed in Alzheimer and where? | Neurons & synapses in temporal lobe, parietal lobe and parts of frontal cortex and gyrus cinguli. (-> atrophy of these regions) |
| In Alzheimer, acetylcholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain degenerate - what are typical cell populations in young, elderly and AD people? | Young: 400,000 to 475,000 Elderly: less than half (140,000) AD: 45,000 to 100,000 |
| What medications are currently used to treat the coginitive problems of AD? | Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. tacrine) NMDA receptor antagonist (memantine). No effects could be clearly shown! |
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