Flashcards
Unit 5: Agriculture and Rural Land Use Standard 5.A & 5.C
Flashcards do conjunto (35)
- 1AgricultureDeliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain.
- 2CropAny plant cultivated by people
- 3Subsistence agricultureFound in LDCs and is the production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family.
- 4Commercial agricultureFound in MDCs and is the production of food primarily for sale off the farm.
- 5Prime agricultural landThe most productive farmland
- 6AgribusinessCommercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.
- 7Shifting cultivationA form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.
- 8Slash-and-burn agricultureAnother name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris.
- 9PlantationA large farm that specializes in one or two crops.
- 10Cereal grainA grass yielding grain for food.
- 11MilkshedThe ring surrounding a city from which milk can be supplied without spoiling
- 12GrainThe seed from various grasses, like wheat, corn, oats, barley, rice, millet, and others.
- 13Winter wheatWheat planted in the autumn and harvested in the early summer.
- 14Spring wheatWheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer.
- 15ReaperA machine that cuts grain standing in the field.
- 16CombineA machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans grain while moving over a field.
- 17RanchingThe commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area.
- 18HorticultureThe growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers
- 19Truck farmingCommercial gardening and fruit farming, so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities.
- 20Sustainable agricultureAn agricultural process that preserves and enhances environmental quality.
- 21Ridge tillageA system of planting crops on ridge tops.
- 22DesertificationProcess in which human actions are causing land to deteriorate to a desertlike condition.
- 23Green revolutionThe invention and rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques during the 1970s and 1980s.
- 24Consumer servicesProvides services to individual customers who desire them and can afford to pay for them.
- 25Business servicesServices that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transporting services.
- 26Public servicesProvides security and protection for citizens and businesses.
- 27City-statesIndependent self-governing communities that included the settlement and nearby countryside.
- 28Clustered rural settlementA place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings.
- 29Dispersed rural settlementCharacterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors rather than along-side other farmers in settlements.
- 30Enclosure movementThe process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century.
- 31UrbanizationThe process by which the population of urban settlements grows.
- 32Sustainable development"Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
- 33ConservationThe sustainable use and management of natural resources such as wildlife, water, air, and Earth's resources to meet human needs, including food, medicine, and recreation.
- 34PreservationThe maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible.
- 35BiodiversityThe variety of species across Earth as a whole or in a specific place.
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- FlashCards sobre Unit 5: Agriculture and Rural Land Use Standard 5.A & 5.C, criado por talabertwhitney3 em 08-05-2014.
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