Flashcards
204Full
Flashcards do conjunto (83)
- 1What is 204A cancer meme
- 2What Is Agile Development1 - Releasing a new system or application in short sprints
- 3Name the 6 Key Objectives Of Software1 - Correctness
2 - Robustness
3 - Flexibility
4 - Re-usability
5 - Efficiency
6 - Reliable - 4What do The 6 Memes Mean1 - Correctness - Application should be created to its specification
2 - Robustness - Application can handle unusual situations
3 - Flexibility - Requirements are not static
4 - Re-usability - Application should be reused
5 - Efficiency - Software should execute as far as required
6 - Reliability - Software should be free from defect - 5Name the 6 Design Process1 - Architectural
2 - Abstract spec
3 - Interface Design
4 - Component Design
5 - Data structure Design
6 - Algorithm Design - 6What Is Software Architecture1 - Process for Identifying sub-systems
2 - Framework for sub-systems and communication - 7Name the advantages of explicit architecture and explain what each one is1 - Stakeholder Communication - Architecture used as focus of discussion for system stakeholders
2 - Large-Scale Re-Use - Architecture may be reusable across a range of systems
3 - System analysis - Requires analysis at the early stage of the project - 8In an Architectural Box and Line Diagram, What does a Box Represent1 - A Sub-system
- 9In the Box and Line Diagram, what do the arrows mean1 - They are links in which data or control are passed from systems
- 10Define what is a Requirement1 - Description of what a System should do
2 - Serves as a contact between you and the client - 11What is the One Major Rule for Writing Requirements1 - The use of "Shall" Statements of what the system should do
2 - Should be written at a level that the customer can understand - 12What are the differences between Function and Non-Functional requirements1 - Functional - Description of what the system should do
2 - Non-Functional - Description the properties and constraints of a system - 13What are Use Cases and why are they good1 - A way to structure requirements
2 - They are good because they describe scenarios and you can derive test cases from these - 14What is an Actor and how is it used in a Use Case1 - Actor - someone or something that interacts with a system. Denoted by stick men. Should be drawn outside the system(box)
- 15What are the differences between primary and secondary actors1 - Primary actors initiate the interaction
2 - Secondary actors are involved in the interaction - 16What goes in the oval below1 - Functions part of the use case
2 - Examples include "add friend" - 17What is Extends and Include and the difference between them.1 - Include is Mandatory behavior
2 - Extend is optional behavior
3 - Include goes from Parent > Target
4 - Extend goes from Target > Parent
5 - REMEMBER TO ADD THE FUCKING NOTATION. IM LOOKING AT U TIJAN - 18What is the template for a use case Description (1 - 6)1 - Name - Name of Description
2 - Scope - Name of the box
3 - Primary Actor - Who initiates this
4 - Secondary Actor - Who is included
5 - Summary - Sentence describing what the function is about
6 - Pre-Conditions - Conditions which need to be true - 19What is the template for a use case Description (7 - 8)7 - Main Success Scenario - How the interaction is going to work. If you reference another use case, UNDERLINE IT. Thing that will will happen if everything is going according to plan
8 - Alternatives - Different way of accomplishing same thing. Use libs. 5a.1 - 20What is the template for a use case Description (9 -10)9 - Exceptions - When things can go wrong. Use libs
10 - Post condition - what is now true when the use case is finished - 21What are the 4 Levels of use cases and examples of each (FROM BOTTOM TO TOP LADS)1 - Bottom Of The Sea Level - Too low - eg click submit
2 - Fish Level - Usually the included or extending use cases eg Accept TOS
3 - Sea Level - User goal. Eg Buy a Book
4 - Cloud Level - Very high Level summary - eg Sell books online - 22What is a Form in Software Architecture1 - Captures the ways in which the system elements are organized in the architecture
2 - Represents the structure of architectural elements in a system - 23What is a Rationale in Software Architecture1 - Represents the designers Intent
- 24What does ADL mean and the basic elements of ADL. What does ADL do1 - Means Architecture Description Languages
2 - Elements are Components, Interfaces, Connectors
3 - Rules and guidelines to construct Architectures - 25How can you map requirements to sub-systems1 - Identify major functions the system is required to perform
2 - Group together logically similar functions into sub-systems
3 - Identify sub-system relationships
4 - Describe the sub-system interface - 26What does the Description of a sub-system interface contain1 - Interface Name eg IAccount
2 - Operations - name of operation, input/output, exception
3 - Exception - what causes the exception using the "//" - 27***Example of an Interface DescriptionIAccount getBalance(:int):float accountNoException//invalid accountno
1 - Iaccount = name
2 - getBalance
3 - getBalance = op name
4 - (:int) = input
5 - (:float) = output
6 - accountNoException = exception - 28What is this notation and what does it do1 - This is a ball
2 - Provided Interface
3 - An interface that the component implements
- 29What is this notation and what does it do1 - This is a socket
2 - Required Interface
3 - An interface that the component needs
- 30The choice of Architectures Affects what properties of a systems1 - Performance - Localize critical operations
2 - Security - Use a layered architecture with critical assets - 31What are the Architectural Conflicts1 - Using large-grain components to improve the performance, but reduces maintainability
- 32What is a Repository Architecture Style1 - Sub systems exchange data in shared data which is held in central database
2 - centralization of a database is more efficient - 33What is a Layered Architecture Style1 - Used to model interfacing of sub systems
2 - organizes the system in to a set of layers
3 - Each layer provides a service to the layer above - 34When is a Layered Architecture used1 - When building new facilities on top of existing systems
- 35Advantages and Disadvantages of Layered Architecture1 - The advantages is that it allows replacement of entire layers as long as interface is maintained
2 - Disadvantages are that providing a separation between layers is difficult - 36What is the Client Server Architecture and the 3 major components1 - Organizes the system as a set of services and servers
2 - Major components are;
- Server - that offer the service
- Client - That call of the service offered
- Network - that allows client to access the service - 37The design of a client server system is split into the layers, what are they1 - Presentation layer
2 - Application processing layer
3 - Data management layer - 38What are the 2 types of 2 Tier Client Server Architectures1 - Thin Client
2 - Fat Client - 39How is the thin Layer architecture structured, advantages and disadvantages of each1 - Presentation layer implemented on client. Application processing and data management is on the server
2 - The advantages of this is that it is cheap to set up and it is more secure
3 - Disadvantages is that there is more downtime. If server goes down, whole thing goes down - 40How is the fat layer architecture structured. Advantages and disadvantages of both1 - Presentation and application processing done on the client side. Data management done on the server side
2 - Advantages - robust which means better uptime
3 - More expensive to deploy. Increased security risk - 41How is the 3 tier architecture structured, advantages and disadvantages of both.1 - Each layer is processed on its own
2 - Advantages is that it is better performance
3 - Disadvantages is cost - 42What is Pipe and Filter Architecture1 - Functional transormations process their inputs to produce outputs.
2 - Information is one way
3 - Not suitable for interactive systems - 43What is service oriented Architecture style1 - services are offered by a provider inside or outside the consumer organisation
- 44What is the Model View Controller1 - Provides the frameworks for many GUI
2 - Allows for multiple presentations of an object
3 - used when there are multiple ways to view and interact with data
4 - advantages- allows data to change independently
5 - disadvantages - can involve additional code - 45Name and describe the 3 model Components of MVC1 - Model Component - System data and operations on this data
2 - View Component - How it is represented to the user
3 - Controller - manages user interactions - 46What is an Object1 - An abstract thing
2 - Can be something real or fake - 47What can an Object Contain1 - State - represented by a set of attribute values
2 - behavior - Defined by what what it does in response to receiving a request from another object
3 - Identity - Each object has a unique identity - 48What is an Interface1 - Set of method signature
2 - Class may implement several interfaces
3 - CAnt have state or method implementations and it cannot be instantiated - 49What is Polymorphism1 - The use of several versions of a method in each derived class
- 50What are the 3 Main diagrams of UML1 - Static - Describe logical structure of software
2 - Dynamic - Sow how entities change during execution
3 - Physical - show the unchanging physical structure of entities - 51What is this in UML, describe and name each layer1 - This is a class
2 - Name of class is called "Person"
3 - Variables are on the second level with the format (name : TYPE)
4 - The next level is the methods it can contain (getname() : TYPE)
(setName(nameOfVariable : TYPE)
- 52What is this in UML, describe and name each layer1 - Has an interface
2 - First layer is defined as <> with the name
3 - Next layer is just methods that this has
- 53What is this notation in UML1 - This is the Extend notation
2 - It goes from the Derived class > to the class it extends
3 - REMEMBER LABELS
- 54What is this notation in UML1 - This is the implements
2 - You have to use this for an interface class
3 - class implements interface
4 - USE LABELS
- 55What is a Model1 - Simplification of reality
2 - We use models to represent different aspets such as structure - 56What is an Object Diagram1 - Showing the interconnection between 2 objects shown by a simple line
2 - Dont show attributes - 57What do each of these mean1 - First one is an unnamed instance
2 - A named instance
3 - An object of unknown class
- 58What is a Sequence Diagram1 - Sequence of operations in time from top to bottom
- 59What is this Diagram1 - Component diagram
2 - The socket is the required interface
3 - Ball is the provided interface
- 60What are the Multiplicity of the Class Diagrams1 - 0..0 - Collection is empty
2 - 0..1 - 0 or 1 instances
3 - 1..1 - One instance
4 - 0..* - 0 or more instances
5 - 1..* - 1 or more instances
6 - 5-5 - exactly 5 inst5ances - 61UML has 3 extensibility mechansims1 - Stereotypes - Extend the vocabulary of the UML
2 - Tagged Values - Extend properties of a UML entity
3 - Constraints - extend teh semantics of a UML entity - 62What are Design Patterns1 - Where programmers encounter similar problems of a similar type when developer all sorts
2 - Similar problems -> similar solutions - 63What is a Creational design pattern1 - Using class instantiation
2 - Using abstract prototypes and the singleton pattern - 64What is the Structural design pattern1 - Class and object composition
2 - adapters pattern - 65What is the Behavioural design pattern1 - Communication between objects
2 - Observer pattern - 66What is the Observer pattern1 - Traffic light and cars example
2 - Cars which are the observers wait for the light to change. The light is the subject.
3 - When the subject changes, the observers must be notified - 67What is the Singleton Pattern1 - Restricts object creation for a class to only 1 instance
2 - If we have a singleton class with already 1 instance in there and we do another. It will return with no, you cannot do this. - 68What is the Adapter Pattern1 - Allows classes with incompatible interfaces to work together by putting it together with its own interface of an existing class
- 69What does adaption contribute to meeting the design objectives1 - Flexibility - frameworks can work with unanticipated class
2 - re-usability - classes that implement functionality can be reused - 70When can we use the Adapter Pattern1 - When you want to use a class and its interface does not match the one you need
2 - you want to create a reusable class - 71What is a class adapter1 - Adapter adapts adaptee by inheriting from it and implementing the target interface.
2 - Extend the adaptee
3 - Implement the interface - 72What is a Object Adapter1 - Relies on object composition
- 73What is a statechart1 - Graphical notation about behaviour of real time systems
- 74What is in a state transition1 - Event [Condition]/action
- 75What is GAS and when is it exectuted1 - Guard action specification is executed if teh guard is satisfied
- 76What is Event specification1 - Issue multiple actions in a chart
2 - Generate an event to start another event
3 - That event change is broadcasted to the rest of the machine - 77What is Condition Specification1 - Expression in the form of the and or of conditions
- 78What is Action specification1 - Generating events. Generate an event in an action
- 79What are condition connectors in a statechart1 - Denoted by a C
- 80What is the Intent, Motivation and Applicability of a state pattern1 - Allows an object to alter behaviour when its state change
2 - An object is expected to behave differently depending on which state it is currently in
3 - Use the pattern when behaviour depends on state - 81What are Anti-Patterns1 - Design patterns which have bad designs
- 82What is the GOD class1 - A class with everything in it aka my 201
2 - Can be improved by refactoring - 83Other anti-Patterns1 - Poltergeist - doesnt do much, hardly used
2 - Lava flow - Dead code. Nobody knows its use in life.
Informações
- Descrição
- FlashCards sobre 204Full, criado por Shez F em 08-05-2017.
- Criado por
- Shez F
- Visualizações
- 19
- Avaliação