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Recent advances in non-destructive testing of concrete structures

NDT: is a testing and analysis technique used by industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component, structure or system for characteristic differences or welding defects and discontinuities without causing damage to the original part. Used for quality control.

Steps for choosing the proper NDT

-Understanding the physical nature of the material property or discontinuity to be inspected

-Understanding the underlying physical processes that govern the NDT methods

-Understanding the physical nature of the interaction of the probing field with the test material

-Understanding the potential limitations of the available NDT technology

-Considering economic, environmental, regulatory and

other factors

Methods mentioned in the article

-Resonant frequency test method

-Rebound (Schmidt) hammer method

-Penetration resistance methods

-Pull-off resistance method

-Maturity test method

-Permeability test method

-Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo (UPE) method

-Ground penetrating radar

-Half-cell corrosion mapping

DEFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH CONCRETE/

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

-Disintegration or Scaling

-Corrosion of reinforcement

-Delamination

-Spalling

-Cracking of concrete

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CHALLENGES FACED BY CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE

-Global risk governance of concrete and other civil infrastructure: Governance refers to the review and oversight of all activities in any phase of a system‟s life cycle, which may be in the form of peer reviews, design reviews and independent reviews, especially during the development phase of a technological system. Most safety researchers and analysts agree that risk governance in critical national asset is a key aspect of systems resilience.

OUTLOOK AND FUTURE OF NDT AS APPLIED TO STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY EVALUATION

The advent of smart concrete means an addition to the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies which allows challenging NDT inspections to be carried out with ease. Research has shown that the development of new materials and devices in sensors are paving way for advanced NDT methods to be used in the industries.