STRUCTURAL FORCES

STRUCTURAL FORCES

1. A structure must have balance, stability and resistance therefore must support certain types of forces at the time of being built

   • WHAT IS A FORCE?
     • A force is any action that causes a change in the shape or motion of an objetct
       • THERE ARE
         • TRACTION
           • A force that streches or pulls apart a member, resulting in the member elogating
             • • • Tensors
         • COMPRESSION
           • A force that squeezes or presses a member together, resulting in the member shortening
         • SHEAR
           • A force that acts perpendicular to the axis of the member, causing the internal particles of the member to slide against each other
             • • • At the ends of the beams of a building there are two equal or opposite forces applied to the right and left of the bearing points that tend to cut the beam On the one hand, the force of the weight that supports the beam, and, on the other hand, the force of reaction exerted by the pillar or the wall to support that weight
         • FLEXION
           • An element is subjected to bending when it acts on it loads tending to bend it
             • • • In a bending effort, tensile and compressive stresses are given at the same time, because when the body sinks, one part rises outwards (traction), while another one collapses inwards (compression).
         • TORSION
           • A body undergoes torsional stresses when there are forces that tend to twist
             • • • Cracking in the beam
               • • Torsion cracking in the nerve of the edge of a slab

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