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13907827
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Descrição
Mind Map on ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, created by Matthew Coddington on 24/05/2018.
Sem etiquetas
grade 12
Mapa Mental por
Matthew Coddington
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Matthew Coddington
quase 6 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
has two primary
HORMONES
released by
GLANDS
PITUITARY GLAND
located at
base of brain
attached to the
hypothalamus
which
stores and produces hormones
composed of
two separate lobes
posterior lobe
produces
antidiuretic hormone
which
regulates body water
oxytocin
which initiates
strong uterine contractions during labour
anterior lobe
releases
thyroid stimulating hormone
as well as
adrenocorticotropic
stimulates
adrenal cortex
regulated by
hypothalamus
relaxing factors are
dopamine
which
inhibits secretion of prolactin
stimulates
milk production
somatostatin
which
inhibits secretion of somatotropin
stimulates
growth of the long bones
THYROID GLAND
located
front of neck, in front of trachea
contains
four parathyroid glands within
produce
parathyroid hormone
which
increase calcium levels in blood and lower phosphate levels
produces
thyroxin and triiofothyronine
which
increase metabolism and limit growth
require iodine present in thyroid for production
ADRENAL GLAND
located above
kidneys
composed of
adrenal medulla
and the
adrenal cortex
produces
glucorticoids
which affects
blood glucose levels
such as
cortisol
mineralcorticoids
which
water balance
such as
aldosterone
sex hormones
produces
epinephrine and noepinephrin
creates our
fight or flight response
PANCREAS
located
in abdomen
hormone producing cells of pancreas are located in
islets of Langerhans
produce
insulin
produced by
beta cells
released when
blood sugar rises
causes
cells of muscles, liver and organs to become permeable to glucose
liver to convert glucose to glycogen
which
primary storage of glucose
lowers blood sugar
glucagon
produced by
alpha cells
released when
blood sugar is low
promotes
conversion of glycogen to glucose
which
raises blood sugar
one being
STEROID HORMONES
made from
cholesterol
examples are
sex hormones and cortisol
which
are
fat soluble
therefore
diffuse from capilaries
into
target cells
which activate
specific protein synthesis
the other being
PROTEIN HORMONES
are
water soluble
therefore
combine with receptor sites of cell membranes
causes
adenylyl cyclase sythesis
which
converts ATP to cyclic AMP
which
activates enzymes
made from
chains of amino acids
examples are
growth hormones and insulin
which
provide control of
organs and tissues
diagram
DISEASES
diabetes
insufficient production of insulin
hyperthyroidism
overproduction of thyroxine can cause weight loss and high blood pressure.
hypothyroidism
lack of thyroid causes myxedema
dry skin, weight gain, edema
goiter
Inadequate iodine in thyroid causes enlargement of thyroid gland
dwarfism
low secretion of somatotropin during childhood can cause dwarfism
Anexos de mídia
Biobook Animalsys Graphik 8 (binary/octet-stream)
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