Bacterial Diversity

Bacterial Diversity

1. Bacterial Diversity

   • Bacteria Common Triats
     • RNA polymerase
     • rRNA
       • SSU rRNA
     • translation factors
   • Deep-Branching Thermophiles
     • Aquificae and Thermotogae
       • Aquifex pyrophilus
         • a flagellated rod
       • Thermocrinis Ruber
         • forms filamentous ments
       • Thermotoga maritima
         • uses anaerobic respiration
         • reduces sulfur
         • unique sheath that covers cell
         • lowest growth range
     • Chlorofexi
       • bacteriochorophyll a and b
         • chlorosomes
         • PSII
       • green nonsulfur bacteria
       • photoheterotrophic
       • thermophilic
     • Bacteriodetes
       • obligate anaerobe
       • green sulfur reducing bacteria
     • Chlorobi
       • obligate anaerobe
       • ferments complex carbs in small intestine
     • Nitrospirae
       • oxidizes nitrite to nitrate
     • Acidobacteria
       • soil bacteria
     • Fusobacteria
       • human pathogens
         • peridontal disease
         • skin ulcer
     • Phylum Deinococcus Thermus
       • species thermus
         • moderate thermophiles
         • heterotrophic
       • species Deinococcus
         • resist high radiation
         • Gram positive
         • not thermophilic

2. Cyanobacteria

   • Cell Structure
     • oxygenic phototrophic prokaryotes
     • fix N2 in heterosyst
     • fix CO2 in carboxysomes
     • use gas vesicles for floating
     • thylakoid
   • Single Cell
     • Synchococcus
     • Prochlorococcus
     • Microcyst
       • forms blooms
       • produces dangerous toxins
     • Filamentous
       • oscillatoria
       • Nostoc
       • Anabaena
         • akinetes
           • similar to spores
   • Multicellular
     • form symboitic communities
     • Gloeocapsa and Merismopedia
     • Pleurocapsa
       • reproduces through baeocytes

3. Gram Positive Bacteria

   • Actinobacteria
     • High GC
   • Firmicutes
     • Low GC
     • Bacillus Genus
       • rod shaped
       • forms endospores
       • Examples
         • B.subtilis
           • A model system for Gram positive
         • B.anthracis
           • bioterroism
         • B.thuringiensis
           • incesticide for moth
           • delta endotoxin in spore