Oscillations

Oscillations

1. Free oscillations

   • No transfer of energy to or from the surroundings
   • if you stretch and release a mass on a spring it oscillates at its natural frequency
   • If no energy is transferred to the surroundings then it will continue to oscillate at the same amplitude forever

2. Forced oscillations happen when there's an external driving force

3. Resonance happens when the driving frequency is the natural frquency

4. Dampening

   • happens when the energy is lost to the surroundings
   • critical dampening reduces the amplitude in the shortest time possible
   • over damping takes longer to return to equalibrium
   • damping affects resonance

5. SHM

   • Periodic motion in which the acceleration of the particle is directly proportional to its displacement and always towards a fixed point
   • A perfect oscillatior will not lose energy in SHM, therefore the total energy stays the same

6. Vibrations

   • free vibration occur when there is no forces acting on the body, so they vibrate with a natural frequency
   • free damped vibration occur when energy is lost from the oscillating system overcoming resistive forces and causing the amplitude to become progressingly smaller, natural damping occurs in the air and artificial damping occurs when another material or resistive force is introduced that causes further slowing like water, oil, and magnetism