Routing Concepts

Routing Concepts

1. Path Determination

   • The router uses its IP routing table to determine which path to use to forward a packet
   • Two Functions of Router
     • Determine the best path for the packet to take
     • Routing
   • The longest match is the route in the routing table that has the greatest number of far-left matching bits with the destination IP address of the packet

2. Packet Forwarding

   • Decision Process
   • Packet Forwarding Mechanisms
     • Process switching
     • Fast switching
     • Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)

3. Basic Router Configuration Review

   • Configuration Commands
     • ipv6 unicast-routing
     • ipv6 address X.X.X.X
     • ipv6 address X.X.X.X link-local
   • Verification Commands
     • show ip interface brief
     • show running-config interface interface-type number
     • show interfaces
     • show ip interface
     • show ip route
     • ping
   • Filter Command Output
     • section
     • include
     • exclude
     • begin

4. IP Routing Table

   • Route Source
     • Directly connected networks
     • Static routes
     • Dynamic routing protocols
   • Routing Table Principle
     • Decision based on the information
     • The information not necessarily match the routing table
     • Does not provide return routing information
   • Routing Table Entries
     • Route source
     • Destination network
     • Administrative distance
     • Metric
     • Next-hop
     • Route timestamp
     • Exit interface
   • Static Routes
   • Dynamic Routing Protocols
   • Default Route

5. Static and Dynamic Routing

   • Dynamic Routing Protocol Concepts
     • Data structures
     • Routing protocol messages
     • Algorithm
   • Best Path
     • RIP
     • OSPF
     • EIGRP
   • Load Balancing
     • The routing table contains the single destination network, but has multiple exit interfaces, one for each equal cost path.

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