Physics

Physics

1. CONDUCTION

   • Metals are good CONDUCTORS of heat. Materials that are NOT good CONDUCTORS are called INSULATORS.
     • INSULATORS are the likes of: WATER, AIR, WOOD, WOOL, PLASTIES.

2. ENERGY

   • MOVEMENT
     • KINETIC
     • THERMAL
     • LIGHT
     • SOUND
     • ELECTRICAL
   • POTENTIAL (stored)
     • ELASTIC
     • CHEMICAL
     • GRAVITATIONAL
     • NUCLEAR
   • Measured in JOULES (J)
     • 1000J = 1KJ

3. HEAT VS TEMP

   • The TEMPERATURE is the measure of heat inside an object.
   • The HEAT of an object is the energy contained in the molecules inside it.

4. CONVECTION

   • Heat can be TRANSFERRED in gasses and liquids by CONVECTION.

5. RADIATION

   • Heat energy in the form of INFRARED can pass through space.
     • This is how the EARTH is heated by the SUN.
       • All Objects emit INFRARED energy and special cameras can detect this.

6. TYPES OF FORCES

   • PULL
   • FRICTION
   • PUSH
   • UPTHRUST
   • WEIGHT
   • THRUST
   • AIR RESISTANCE

7. MASS AND WEIGHT

   • MASS = The MASS of something is how much of it there is.
   • WEIGHT = The WEIGHT is how hard GRAVITY pulls on an object

8. FORCES OF FRICTION

   • Friction acts when you push something along a surface. If you push the object one way, friction acts in the opposite direction.

9. CHANGING ENERGY

   • When something happens, energy is changed from one form into another. Eg when you walk up the stairs the chemical energy in your food is changed into kinetic energy by your muscles.

10. BALANCED AND UNBALANCED FORCES

    • When you parachute, have AIR RESISTANCE acting up on you and WEIGHT pushing you down towards the ground.
      • You have the same amount of both forces acting on you therefore they are balanced.
        • But when a rocket takes off THRUST is acting to push it off the ground, but WEIGHT is acting in the opposite direction. But there is more THRUST acting so therefore the forces are UNBALANCED.