Mapa mental

Water Properties: Structure, Interactions and Biological Role

silvia juliana Inglês

Conteúdo do mapa

Structure and characteristics.
- Has a tetrahedral geometry
- Simple structure
  - One oxygen atom
  - Two hydrogen atoms
- Joined by a covalent bond
- Bond by sharing electrons.
- Is a polar molecule.
- Has weak electrical conductivity
- Is an inorganic biomolecule.
Interactions
- Electrostatic
  - Non-covalent
    - They are relatively weak
    - EXAMPLES
      - Van der Waals forces
        They occur between
        Permanent neutral dipoles
        Induced dipoles
        They can be of
        Attraction
        Or repulsion
        Three types of forces
        Induced dipole-dipole.
        Induced dipole-induced dipole.
        Dipole-dipole.
      - Hydrogen bonds.
        Are formed when
        A "donor" atom
        Donate the hydrogen atom
        covalently attached to it to an electronegative atom
        "Acceptor"
  - Occur between any two charges
    - Opposite partial charges
      - Polar molecules
  - Complete opposite charges
    - Complete opposite charges
- Intermolecular forces
  - They act on
    - Different molecules or ions
      - Make these
        Attract
        They repel
  - Non-covalent
- Intramolecular forces
  - Ionic bonds
  - Metallic
  - Covalent
Properties
- Physical properties
  - Its density is 1g/cm3
  - Is found in three states
    - Liquid
    - Solid
    - Gaseous.
  - It istasteless liquid.
  - has a high degree of cohesion and adhesion
  - solvent capacity
  - Anomalous density
  - It is colorless
  - It is transparent
  - It is an odorless
  - Chemical reagent
- Chemical properties
  - Its formula is H2O.
  - Reacts with
    - Acid oxides
    - Basic oxides
    - Metal
  - Has a neutral pH of 7
  - Is neither acidic nor basic.
Biological function.
- Is basic to life
- Intervenes in many chemical reactions
  - (food digestion)
Buffering capacity
- Depends on two factors
  - The quotient of their concentrations.
  - The molar concentration of the couple
    - Conjugated acid-base
- Serves as a lubricant between
  - Frictioning structures.
Solvent properties
- Dissolves easily
- Ideal biological solvent
- Intervenes in many chemical reactions
  - (Food digestion)