Information Processing

Information Processing

1. Cognitive psychology sees the individual as a processor of information, in much the same way that a computer takes in information and follows a program to produce an output.

2. Basic Assumptions

   • 1.information made available by the environment is processed by a series of processing systems (e.g. attention, perception, short-term memory);
   • 2. these processing systems transform or alter the information in systematic ways;
   • 3.the aim of research is to specify the processes and structures that underlie cognitive performance;
   • 4.information processing in humans resembles that in computers.

3. Computer - Mind Analogy

   • The computer gave cognitive psychologists a metaphor, or analogy, to which they could compare human mental processing. The use of the computer as a tool for thinking how the human mind handles information is known as the computer analogy.

4. Information Processing and Selective Attention

   • One way of conceptualizing attention is to think of humans as information processors who can only process a limited amount of information at a time without becoming overloaded.

5. Information processing models consist of a series of stages, or boxes, which represent stages of processing. Arrows indicate the flow of information from one stage to the next.

   • Input: processes are concerned with the analysis of the stimuli.
   • Storage: processes cover everything that happens to stimuli internally in the brain and can include coding and manipulation of the stimuli.
   • Storage: processes cover everything that happens to stimuli internally in the brain and can include coding and manipulation of the stimuli.
   • Output: processes are responsible for preparing an appropriate response to a stimulus.

6. General information processing model.

   • 1. Information processing models assume serial processing of stimulus inputs.
   • 1. Information processing models assume serial processing of stimulus inputs.
   • Parallel processing assumes that some or all of the processes involved in a cognitive task occur at the same time.

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