Intercultural Communication

Intercultural Communication

1. Communication

   • Is a symbolic and dynamic
     • receiver-oriented process
       • whereby
         • meaning is shared and negotiated
   • Components
     • Sender/Receiver
       • Encoding
         • Message is creating
       • Decoding
         • Processing-interpretation
           • of the message
     • Channel
       • Cannals
         • between
     • Feedback
       • someone's response
         • to a message
     • Noise
       • Background sounds
     • Context
       • where message occurs
       • It affects message

2. Culture

   • Main meaning of
     • Cultivation
     • Tending
   • Learned pattern of
     • perceptions
     • Values
     • behaviors
       • Shared by
         • a group of people
           • which are
             • heterogeneous
               • ways of life
             • dynamic
               • always changing
   • ''Culture provides the rules
     • for playing the game of life.''
       • Samovar, L. A., Porter, R. E., McDaniel, E. R., & Roy, C. S. (2014).
   • Components
     • Culture is learned
       • Through interactions, observations, and imitation
         • the proper ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving
           • are communicated to us.
       • It is also acquired from
         • art
         • folklore
         • history
         • religion
     • Culture Is Transmitted Intergenerationally
       • It is remembered
         • repeated by
     • Culture Is Symbolic
       • Words, gestures and images
         • are
           • symbols used to convey meaning
     • Culture is Dynamic
       • It is never static
       • It is susceptibility
         • to
           • innovation
           • new ideas
     • Culture is ethnocentric
       • Ethnocentriscm
         • The tendency to view
           • one's own culture
             • as
               • superior to other cultures
       • The strong sense of group identity
         • or attachment
           • produced by culture

3. Globalization

   • Term
     • Used to characterize
       • the increased
         • economic
           • integration
             • of national populations
               • and ethnicities
         • social
   • ''Globalization stands for the overlapping of global and local factors.''
     • (Robertson, 1997)
   • Three stages in globalization
     • Political
     • Economic
       • spread of free-market capitalism
         • in virtually every country since 1980
     • Cultural globalization

4. Interculturality

   • Intercultural communication is based on intercultural understanding.
     • Cultural predestination
       • Cultures influence each other
         • often there is a process of fusion
     • Individual values
       • an ethnic group
         • cannot be considered
           • as a
             • single unit
         • have
           • different things in common
           • different cultures
   • Components
     • Perception
       • Process of
         • selecting, organising and evaluating stimuli
           • is referred to as perception
     • Patterns of cognition
       • The influence of culture on cognitive
         • thinking patterns
           • it includes
             • Reasoning
             • Approaches
               • to problem solving
     • Verbal behaviors
       • Role of language
         • in intercultural communication
           • in which
             • people are able to
               • share their beliefs and thoughts
   • Nonverbal behaviors
     • Gestures, facial expressions
       • Nonverbal greeting behaviors show remarkable difference
         • across cultures
     • eye contact, posture, and movements

5. Communication skills

   • Assertive behavior
   • Conflict resolution
   • Intercultural communication

6. Intercultural communication competence

   • verbal communication competence
     • Linguistic
     • Socio-cultural pragmatic
     • Discourse
   • nonverbal communication competence
     • Kinesic competence
     • Proxenic competences
     • Paralinguistic competence
   • Is the ability to communicate effectively
     • and appropiately in various cultural contexts.

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