Fracture in the arm

Fracture in the arm

1. Bones

   • Classification
     • Compact
     • Spongy
   • Types
     • Long
     • Short
     • Irregular
     • Flat
   • Arteries
     • Nutrient
     • Periosteal
     • Epiphyseal

2. Fracture

   • Causes
     • Physiological
       • Trauma or accidents
       • Carrying large weight
       • Stress fracture
     • Pathological
       • Osteoporosis
       • Cancer
       • Osteomalacia
       • Osteomyelitis
   • Types
     • Directions of fracture line
       • Oblique
       • Longitudinal
       • Spiral
       • Comminuted
       • Transverse
     • Common eponyms
       • Colles fracture
       • Smiths fracture
       • Jones fracture
       • Boxer's fracture
   • Histology
     • Bone
     • Connective tissue
     • Fibroblast
     • Collagen
     • Callus

3. First Aid

   • Rest
   • Ice
   • Compression
   • Elevation

4. Physical examination

   • Look
     • Swelling
     • Bruising
     • Bleeding
   • Feel
   • Move

5. Investigation of fractures

   • MRI
   • X-ray
   • CT scan
   • Radioisotopes

6. Wrist drop

   • Radial nerve palsy
   • Saturday night palsy
   • Crutch palsy
   • Honeymoon palsy

7. Immobilization

   • Cast
   • Sling
   • Splint
   • Traction
   • Braces
   • Intramedullary rodding
   • Pins
   • External fixation

8. Pain managment

   • Medications
   • Immobilization & stabilization
   • Hot or cold compress
   • Massage
   • TENS