Tools & Techniques

Tools & Techniques

1. Types of data

   • Count Data
     • Attribute Data
       • 2 possible outcomes
         • Example: Yes / No
     • Category Data
       • 3 or more outcomes
         • Example: Age Brackets
     • Use Bar Chart
       • Y-axis = Frequency
   • Variable Data (Continuous)
     • Has unit of measure
     • Use Histogram

2. Checklists

   • Check list construction steps 1. Study activity for which checklist is needed2. Construct checklist based on observation of process, discussions, SOP's3. Walk checklist through process noting what happens at each stage4. Check accuracy of checklist with person carrying the process5. Display it next to the process6. Assess its use in practice
   • Highlight key features (of process, system, product)
   • Ensure Procedures are followed
   • Used in Audits
   • Useful for QA

3. Flowcharts

4. CheckSheets

5. Tally Charts

   • Or as Histogram with variable (measured) data
   • Frequency distribution table
   • Can be used as checksheets with count data

6. Graphs

   • Bar Chart
     • Always has Frequency on Y axis

7. Pareto Analysis