CCNA 3 - Capitulo 7.5

CCNA 3 - Capitulo 7.5

1. WAN CONCEPTS

   • MORDERN WAN CONNECTIVITY
     • 3 - INTERNET BASED
       • BROADBAND VPN
         • BROADBAND VPN
           • WIRED OPTIONS
             • OPTICAL FIBER
               • FIBER TO THE X
                 • FTTH - FIBER TO THE HOME
                   • PASSIVE OPTICAL AND P2P EHTERNET ARE ARCHICTURES THAT DELIVER
                     • CABLE TV , INTERNET AND PHONE SERIVES
                       • FIBER REACHES THE BOUNDARY OF THE RESIDENCE
                   • IDEAL SOLUTION
                 • FTTN - FIBER TO THE NODE / NEIGHBORHOOD
                   • 1. OPTICAL CABLING REACHES AN OPTICAL NODE
                   • 2. AFTER OPTICAL NODE CONVERT SIGNAL TOA FORMAT ACCEPTABLE FOR TWITESTED PAIR OR CAXIAL CABLE WICH
                     • DSLx OR CABLE TECHNOLGY
                 • FTTB - FIBER TO THE BUILDING
                   • 1 . FIBER REACHES THE BOUNDARY THE BUILDING
                   • 2 . AFTER , ISP USES ANOTHER ACCESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE BUILDING SUCH COAXIAL , ETHERNET ETC WICH
                     • DSLx OR CABLE TECHNOLGY
               • INTALL FIBER OPTIC CABLE TO THE USER LOCATION
             • XDSL TECHNOLOGY
               • DSL CONNECTIONS
                 • NOTE : PROVIDERS DEPLOY DSL IN THE LOOP LOCAL
                 • TOPOLOGY
                   • DSL MODEM
                     • 1. CONVERTS ETHERNET SIGNAL FROM TELEWORKER DEVICE
                       • 2. AFTER , TRANSMIT SIGNAL TO A DSLAM
                     • INTERFACE DSL TO THE CONENCT DSL NETWORKS AND
                     • ETHERNET INTERFACE O THE CONNECT CLIENT DEVICE
                   • DSLAM (DSL ACCESS MULTIPLER)
                     • DEVICE LOCATED AT THE CENTRAL OFFICE (OFFICE)
                       • PROVIDING AND CONCENTRATES CONNECTIONS FROM MULTIPLE DSL SUBCRIBER
                       • DSLAM IS BUILDING INTO AN AGGREGATION ROUTER
                 • ADVANTAGE CABE TECHNOLOGY ?
                   • DSL IT NOT A SHARED MEDIUM , EACH USER HAS A SEPARE CONNECTION TO THE DSLAM
                 • DISADVANTAGE ?
                   • LIMITED BANDWIDTH THAT IS DISTANCE SENSITIVE
                   • UPLOAD LOWER COMPARARED DOWNLOAD RATE
               • DSL E PPP
                 • ISPs STILL USE PPP BECAUSE FACTORES
                   • AUTHENTICATE SUBCRIBER
                     • USERNAME AND PASSWORD
                   • ASSIGN PUBLIC IPV4
                   • LINK QUALITY MANAGEMENT FEATURES
                 • POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL (PPP) IS A LAYER PROTOCOL COMMONLY USED BY TELEPHONE SERVICE PROVIDERS TO ESTABLISH
                   • ROUTER TO ROUTER AND HOST OVER DIAL UP AND ISDN NETWORKS
                 • IT IS NOT EXCLUSIVE TO DSL.
                 • TWO WAYS PPP over ETHERNET (PPPoE)
                   • HOST WITH PPPoE CLIENT
                     • STEP 1 - HOST PPPOE CLIENT ON THE HOST
                       • THE HOST RUNS A PPPOE CLIENT TO OBTAIN A PUBLIC IP ADDRESS FROM A PPPOE SERVER LOCATED AT THE PROVIDER SITE.
                     • STEP 2 – COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HOST AND DSL MODEM
                       • THE PPPOE CLIENT SOFTWARE COMMUNICATES WITH THE DSL MODEM USING PPPOE
                     • STEP 3 – COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MODEM AND ISP
                       • THE DSL MODEM COMMUNICATES WITH THE ISP USING PPP.
                     • ONLY ONE CLIENT CAN USE THE CONNECTION
                   • ROUTER PPPoE CLIENT
                     • STEP 1 – ROUTER CONFIGURED AS PPPOE CLIENT
                       • THE ROUTER IS CONFIGURED TO OPERATE AS A PPPOE CLIENT
                     • STEP 2 – ROUTER OBTAINS CONFIGURATION FROM THE PROVIDER
                       • THE ROUTER ESTABLISHES THE PPPOE SESSION AND OBTAINS ITS CONFIGURATION (INCLUDING THE PUBLIC IP ADDRESS) FROM THE SERVICE PROVIDER.
                     • STEP 3 – CLIENTS USE ETHERNET ONLY
                       • INTERNAL CLIENTS COMMUNICATE WITH THE ROUTER USING ETHERNET ONLY
                       • AND ARE UNAWARE OF THE DSL CONNECTION.
                     • MULTIPLE CLIENTS CAN USE THE CONNECTION
               • DSL IS A IS A HIGH-SPEED ALWAYD ON
                 • THATS USES EXISTING TWISTED PAIR TELEPHONE
               • SEVERAL xDSL VARIENTIES
                 • ADSL
                   • REPRESENTATION OF BANDWIDTH SPACE ADSL
                     • POTS (PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SYSTEM)
                       • FREQUENCY USED BY TELEPHONE
                     • FREQUENCE USED BY THE DOWNSTREAM (BIGGER) & DOWNSTREAM (SMALLER)
                 • SDSL
                   • PROVIDE UPREAM AND DOWNSTREAM IN SAME CAPACITY
             • COPPER OR FIBER
             • CABLE TECHNOLOGY
               • NOTE : PROVIDERS DEPLOY CABLE TECHNLOGY (COAXIAL) IN LOOP LOCAL
               • OFFER CUSTOMER
                 • HIGHT SPEED INTERNET ACCESS
                 • DIGITAL CABLE TELEVISION
                 • RESIDENTIAL TELEPHONE SERVICES
               • DATA OVER CABLE SERVICE INTERFACE SPECIFICATION (DOCSIS)
                 • INTERNACIONAL STANDARD
               • WHATS IS HYBRID FIBER COAXAL ?
                 • USES FIBER OPTIC AND COAXIAL IN DIFFERENT PORTIONS OF THE NETWORK
                   • BETWEEN CABLE MODEM AND OPTICAL NODE
                     • COAXIAL
                     • IMPORTANT : OPTICAL NODE CONVERSE RF SIGNAL TO LIGHT PULSES
                   • BETWEEN OPTICAL NODE AND XMTS
                     • FIBER
                   • IMPORTANT : CABLE COAXIAL TO CARRY RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNAL TO THE END USER
               • DISADVANTAGE ?
                 • BANDWIDTH IS SHARED BY MANY USERS , THEFORE UPSTREAM DATA RATES SLOW DURING HIGH USAGE HOURS WITH OVER SUBSCRIPTION
         • THE CONNECTIVITY OPTIONS ARE COMBINED WITH VPN TECHNOLOGIES