CCNA - Capitulo 14.3

CCNA - Capitulo 14.3

1. TRANSPORT LAYER

   • TCP COMMUNICATION PROCESS
     • 1 ) CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT (TREE EXCHANGES )
       • 1) CLIENT >> SERVER
         • SYN
       • 2) SERVER >> CLIENT
         • SYN ACK
       • 3) CLIENT ACKNOWLEDGES
         • ACK
       • TCP TREE-WAY HANDSHAKE ANALYSIS
         • FUNCTONS OF HANSHAKE
           • ESTABLISHES THAT THE DESTINATION
             • PRESENT ON THE NETWORK
           • VERIFIES DESTINATION DEVICES HAS
             • ACTIVE SERVICE
             • ACCEPTING REQUESTS ON THE DESTINATION PORT NUMBER
               • THE INITIATING CLIENT INTENDS TO USE
         • CONTROL BITS FIELD
     • 2 ) SESSION TERMINATION (FOUR EXCHANGES )
       • 1) CLIENT >> SERVER
         • FIN
       • 2) SERVER>> CLIENT
         • ACK
       • 3) SERVER >> CLIENT
         • FIN
       • 4) CLIENT >> SERVER
         • ACK
     • FULL DUPLEX
     • SIX bits CONTROL bits FIELD
       • URG
         • URGENT POINTER FIELD SIGNIFICANT
       • ACK
         • ACKNOWLEDGMENT USED
           • ESTABLESHIMENT
           • SESSION TERMINATION
       • PSH
         • PUSH FUNCTION
         • RESEARCH
       • RST
         • RESET THE CONNECTION WHEN
           • AN ERROR
           • TIMEOUT OCCURS
         • RESEARCH
       • SYN
         • SYBCHRONIZE SEQUENCE NUMBERS
           • CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT
       • FYN
         • NO MORE DATA FROM SENDER AND USED IN SESSION TERMINATION
     • TCP SERVER PROCESSES
       • EACH APPICATION PROCESS RUNNING ON A SERVER
         • USE A PORT NUMBER
           • AUTOMATICALLY ASSIGNED
           • MANUALLY CONFURED
       • INDIVIDUAL SERVER
         • CANNOT HAVE TWO SERVICES ASSIGNED
           • SAME PORT NUMBER
       • ACTIVE SERVER APPLICATION ASSIGNED SPECIFIC PORT ?
         • IS CONSIDERED OPEN
   • RELIABILITY AND FLOW CONTROL - TCP
     • TCP USES TIMERS
       • HOW LONG TO WAIT BEFORE RESENDING A SEGMENT
     • ISN - INITIAL SEQUENCE NUMBER
       • HELPS TO REASSEMBLE
       • THE FIRST DATA BYTE
         • TCP SEGMENT
           • EACH SEGMENT TCP RECEIVED A SEQUENCE NUMBER
       • HOW IS IT ESTABLISHED?
         • DURING HANDSHAKE
       • ISN REPRESENTS
         • STARTING VALUE OF THE BYTES TRANSMITTED
           • RECEIVING APPLICATION
       • HOW IS IT INCREMENTED?
         • AS THE DATA IS TRANSMITTED
           • SEQUENCE NUMBER IS INCREDEMENTED BY NUMBER OF BYTES
       • OBS :
         • IT'S A RANDOM NUMBER.
         • DOES NOT BEGIN AT ONE
           • THIS IS PREVENT CERTAIN TYPEF OF MALICIUS ATTACKS
     • MAXIMUM SEGMENT SIZE
       • 1460 BYTES
       • FIELD OPTIONS
     • DATA LOSS AND RETRANSMISSION
       • SEQ & ACK
         • SEQ (SEQUENCE NUMBER)
           • FIRST BYTE IN THE SEGMENT BEING TRANSMITTED
         • ACK (ACKNOWLEDGMENT )
           • NEXT BYTE YOU EXPECT TO RECEIVE
           • OPERATION SYSTEMS - OPTIONAL
             • TCP FEATURE ACKNOWLEDGMENT (SACK)
               • RECEIVER CAN EXPLICITLY ACK WICHI SGMENTS WERE RECEIVED INCLUDING ANY DISCONTINUOS SEGMENTS
         • THEY PROVIDE RELIABILITY
     • TCP FLOW CONTROL
       • PREVENTION OF CONGESTION
         • TRATMENT ALGORITHM FROM CONGESTION
         • REDUCE SHIPPING BEFORE
           • RECEIVING CONFIRMATION
         • RESULTS IN PACKETS BEING DISCARDED BY THE OVERLOADED ROUTER
         • WHENEVER THERE IS CONGESTION
           • RETRANSMISSION OF LOST TCP SEGMENT FROM THE SOURCE WILL OCCUR
       • WINDOW SIZE
         • NUMBER OF BYTES CAN BE SENT BEFORE
           • EXPECTING AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT
         • MAINTAIN RELIABILITY
           • DATA SUPPORTED BY THE RECEIVER
         • ADJUSTING THE RATE OF DATA FLOW BETWEEN
           • SOURCE AND DESTINATION FOR A GIVEN SESSION
         • ACKNOWLEDGMENT NUMBER
           • NUMBER OF THE NEXT EXPECTED BYTE
         • INCLUDEDIN EVERTY TCP SEGMENT
         • BYTES ARE RECEIVED AND PROCESSED , DESTINATION WILL SEND ACK ,
           • PROTOCOL OF SLIDING WINDOW
             • ADJUSTMENT AS DATA IS PROCESSED AND ASSIGNED
           • TO INFORM SOURCE CONTINUE SEND

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