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421843
Group Processes
Descrição
PSYB10 (Group Processes) Mapa Mental sobre Group Processes, criado por andreaarose em 06-12-2013.
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group processes
psyb10
psyb10
group processes
Mapa Mental por
andreaarose
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Resumo de Recurso
Group Processes
Social Groups
Defined by:
Social roles
behaviour expectations for members
traits can be overtaken by power of role
The Stanford Prison Experiment
People were assigned to roles of prisoner and guards
Normal people can be dehumanized by the mere assignment to roles
Social norms
group's "laws" on the behaviours and values of its members
if broken, you are punished/rejected
Group cohesiveness
Group members - cohesiveness promotes liking
Outsiders - cohesiveness increases stereotyping
Destructive groups (cults)
group centred around devotion to a person/idea/thing that employs unethical techniques of manipulation
has a charismatic leader
self appointed leaders
leader is the focus
state controls everything
presents itself as innovative and exclusive
goals are recruiting and fundraising
Deindividuation
person loses sense of him or herself as an individual in groups
can occur in crowds, when physically anonymous or in group chanting
Social model of deindividuation effect
Deindividuation effects are a result of:
a shift from personal to social identity
decreasing attention to individual characteristics
interpersonal differences in the group
Social facilitation and social loafting
Social loafting
people perform worse on simple tasks and better on complex tasks when in a group and not being evaluated individually
Social faciliatation
performance is better when doing well learned behaviours in front of others
performance is worse when doing difficult/less practised tasks in front of others
Created by an interaction of 3 factors:
Evaluation
Arousal
Task complexity
how difficult is the task?
are you aroused or relaxed?
evaluation apprehension
concern about what others think of us
Distraction conflict theory
in the presence of others, there is a conflict between attending to others or attending to the task
Collective effort model
individuals will base their effort on the degree that they think their efforts will be important
Group decision making
Process loss
reduction in group performance due to obstacles created by group performance
Ex - problems of coordination and motivation
Brainstorming
attempts to increase the production of creative ideas by encouraging members to speak freely
Group polarization
groups tend to make decisions that are more extreme than their original choices
Group think
desire for harmony in the group results in bad decisions
do not consider other courses of action
extreme form of group polarization
antecedents
highly cohesive
high stress
non structured decision making
symptoms
illusion of invulnerability
group is morally correct
pressure to conform
illusion of unanimity
preventing group think
devil's advocate
everyone must know the person was assigned this role
impartial leader
Transactive memory
shared system for remembering information
multiple people remember more information
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